1) 2
2) 2
3) 4
4) 2
5) 5 12) 2 19) 8 26) 9
6) 123 – ( 6 ) 13) 78 + ( 8 ) 20) 65 −
7
|
4
|
14) 127 −
|
3 3
|
21) 56 −
|
3
|
3
|
15 30
|
|
14 4
|
|
10
|
|
4
|
7) 89 +
21- Mavzu: Aralash sonlarni qo`shish va ayirish.
Aralash sonlarni qo`shish va ayirish qanday bajariladi? Aralash sonlarni qo`shish (ayirish)ning ikki usuli bor:
usul :
Aralash sonlarni qo`shish (ayirish) uchun:
1– qadam. Aaralash sonlar noto`gri kasrga aylantiriladi 2 – qadam. Kasrlar umumiy maxrajga keltiriladi.
3 – qadam. Bir xil maxrajli kasrlarni qo`shish (ayirish) qoidasidan foydalanib, yig`indi (ayirma) topiladi 4 – qadam. Natija aralash songa aylantiriladi.
Misol: 4 7 + 3 4 =
4 10 7
3 15 4 47
+ = +
49 47 3
=
49 2
+
141 98
= + =
10 15 10
15 10
15 10 3
15 2 30 30
239
= 30
29
= 7 30
Misol:
7 4
4 10 7
3 15 4 47 49
141
98 43 13
410
— 315
= 10
— 15
= 10
— 15 =
─ = 30
— 30 = 30
= 1 30
– usul:
Aralash sonlarni ba`zan, quyidagicha ham qo`shiladi: 1– qadam Ularning butun qismlari qo`shiladi (ayriladi) 2 – qadam Kasr qismlari qo`shiladi (ayriladi)
– qadam 1 – va 2 – qadamda olingan natijalar qo`shiladi.
Misol:
7
4 21 8
21 8
29 29
1) 410
+ 315
= 4 30
+ 3 30 = ( 4 + 3 ) + ( 30 + 30 ) = 7 + 30
= 7 30
4
|
|
7
|
|
4
|
|
7
|
|
11
|
|
2
|
|
2
|
9
|
+ 3
|
9
|
= ( 2 +3 ) + (
|
9
|
+
|
9
|
) = 5 +
|
9
|
= 5 + 1
|
9
|
= 6
|
9
|
2) 2
7
|
|
4
|
|
21
|
|
8
|
|
21
|
|
8
|
|
13
|
|
13
|
10
|
— 3
|
15
|
= 4
|
30
|
– 3
|
30
|
=(4 – 3) + (
|
30
|
–
|
30
|
) = 1 +
|
30
|
= 1
|
30
|
3) 4
4) 23 = 2316
5 29 = 22 98
5 29
= (22 – 5) + ( 98
29 ) = 17 69
82 82
82 82
82 82 82
1. Butun va kasr qismga ega bo`lgan sonlarni qo`shish
1) 2 3 11
4 4
7) 6 3 2 1
10 10
17
13) 22
25
77 8
25
2 5
19) 3 4
7 7
25) 3 9
10
9 17
20
11 3
2) 5 4
20 20
2 1
3) 1 4
3 5
37
8) 12
50
4
9) 4
5
7 13
50
5 1
2
1 2
14) 3 2
6 3
1 2
15) 7 4
5 3
5 1
20) 1 1
16 2
7 4
21) 1 2
10 5
26) 7 9 2 4
10 5
27) 7 4 4 2
5 3
13 7
4) 13 6
15 30
1 5
10) 8 2
14 7
8
16) 3 22) 21
35
3 19
70
5) 11)
17)
23)
6) 9 12) 8 1 2 5
14 7
18) 7 1 4 2
5 3
24) 3 5 2 2
6 3
22- Mavzu: Oddiy kasrlarni ko`paytirish va bo`lish
Oddiy kasrlar qanday ko`paytiriladi?
Oddiy kasrlarni ko`paytirish uchun bu kasrlarning suratlarini o`zaro ko`paytirib, surat qilib olish, maxrajlari ko`paytmasini esa maxrajqilib olish kerak.
9 43 129
Misol: 14 • 30 =
= = 140
Natural sonni oddiy kasrga ko`paytirish qanday bajariladi?
Natural sonni oddiy kasrga ko`paytirish uchun dastlab natural sonni maxraji 1 bo`lgan oddiy kasrga aylantirib,hosil bo`1gan kasrlarni ko`paytirish kerak.
3 7
Misollar: 1) 7 • 5 = 1
3 21
1
= 4 5
7
2) 3
7 2 14
• 2 = 3 • 1 = 3
2
= 4 3
Aralash sonlarni ko`paytirish qanday bajariladi?
Aralash sonlarni ko`paytirish uchun dastlab ularni noto`g`ri kasrga aylantirib, hosil bo`lgan kasrlarni ko`paytirish kerak.
3
Misol: 6 8
5
6 8 3
= 8
2 12
5 51
= 8
29
1479
= 96
39
= 15 96
Natural sonni aralash songa ko`paytirish qanday bajariladi?
Natural sonni aralash songa ko`paytirish uchun dastlab ularni noto`g`ri kasrga aylantirib, hosil bo`lgan kasrlarni ko`paytirish kerak
3
Misollar : 1) 5 • 6 8
5 6 8
= 1 • 8
3 5 51
= 1 • 8
255
= 8
7
= 31 8
2 6 9 2 7 56 7
392 5
O`zaro teskari sonlar deganda nimani tushunasiz?
Ko`paytmasi 1 ga teng bo`lgan ikkita son o`zaro teskari sonlar deyiladi.
3 5
Misollar : 1) 5 • 3 = 1
7 ) Berilgan songa teskari son qanday topiladi?
- qadam : Berilgan son dastlab oddiy kasr shaklida yoziladi
- qadam : Hosil bo`lgan kasrning suratini maxraj maxrajini esa surat qilib yoziladi. 3 - qadam : Hosil bo`lgan son berilgan songa teskari son bo`ladi.
5
1) 9
9
teskarisi 5
8 1
8 = 1 teskarisi 8
2 6 9 2 56 9
6 9 = 9 = 9 teskarisi 56
Oddiy kasrni oddiy kasrga bo`lish qanday bajariladi?
Oddiy kasrni oddiy kasrga bo`lish uchun bo`linuvchini bo`luvchining teskarisiga ko`paytirish kerak.
5 5
Misol: 9 : 3
5 3 1
= 9 • 5 = 3
Natural sonni oddiy kasrga bo`lish qanday bajariladi?
Natural sonni oddiy kasrga bo`lish uchun dastlab natural sonni maxraji 1 bo`lgan oddiy kasrga aylantirib,hosil bo`1gan kasrlarni bo`lish kerak.
3
Misollar: 1) 7 : 5
7 3
= 1 : 5
7 5
= 1 • 3
35 2
= 3 = 11 3
7
2) 3
7
: 2 = 3
2 7 1 7
: 1 = 3 • 2 = 6
1
= 1 6
Aralash sonlarni bo`lish qanday bajariladi?
Aralash sonlarni bo`lish uchun dastlab ularni noto`g`ri kasrga aylantirib, hosil bo`lgan kasrlarni bo`lish kerak
Misol:
3
6 8
5
: 212
6 8 3
= 8
2 12 5
51
|
|
29
|
|
51
|
|
12
|
|
51
|
|
3 153
|
|
37
|
8
|
:
|
12
|
=
|
8
|
•
|
29
|
=
|
2
|
•
|
29 = 58
|
= 2
|
58
|
: 12 =
Oddiy kasrlarni ko`paytiring
1 1
1)
2)
3) 28 5
10 7
4)
2 5
11)
3 6
5 6
12)
6 7
7 9
13)
6 14
2 9
3 10
21)
22)
23)
24)
5 1
8 9
2 1
9 2
5 2
12 3
4 15
3 16
31)
32)
33)
34)
3 3
4 5
3 5
10 7
8 3
9 4
5 24
6 35
5
5) 5 15) 4 25) 6 35) 2
9
2 4 3 8
6) 22 16) 45 26) 88 36) 9
33 63 77 45
4 14 3
7)
7 15 8
8 5 27
17)
9 16 55
10
27)
21
7 3
20 50
2
37)
3
7 9 15
25 8 28
10 7 3
8)
21 20 5
1 3
9)
6
18) 10
13
19)
39
100
28)
13
|
|
14
|
|
5
|
38)
|
11
|
|
14 3
|
20
|
|
5
|
|
26
|
|
7
|
|
33 2
|
29)
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