Acculturation, assimilation.
The structure of this sentence demands a
little extra attention. Those who do not “embrace the … values of their
homeland” do worse academically, so they will be the ones to pay the “price.”
What comes at a price, then, is embracing the culture of the new home.
“Acculturation” and “assimilation” both mean exactly this. The incorrect pair,
“alienation” and “estrangement” (separation from a group), have the opposite
meaning. “Indebtedness” does not fit this sentence, since there is no reason to
believe that someone owes someone else. And “investiture,” which means the
act or formal ceremony of conferring rank on a person, also does not fit in this
sentence.
53.
Specious, spurious.
If Machiavelli only pretended to endorse “the
_________ claims to power,” and if they were subject to “exposure and
caricature,” they must have been not only illegitimate but ridiculous. None of
the answers suggests ridiculousness, but two answers—“specious” and
“spurious”—mean the claims are false. While not synonyms, both words
describe claims that are superficially attractive, but in fact false. “Sarcastic”
(mocking) might be a trap for someone who misses that the claims referred to
by the blank are not made by Machiavelli but by those who originally made
the claims to power. “Squalid” (dirty or dishonest) doesn’t fit the sentence or
match any other answer choice. And while “stolid” and “stoic” both mean
unemotional, the sentence offers no reason to believe that the claims are
unemotional.
54.
Disingenuous, artful.
This sentence is difficult because the word
“impressed” is used to refer to making an impression in a negative way. The
defendant did not make a positive impression; rather, the sentence suggests
that she came across as not as naïve as she pretended to be. “Disingenuous”
means precisely that and one meaning of “artful” is deceptive. The sentence
does not suggest that the woman was “innocent,” and while she might have
been “accomplished,” that’s not how the jurors thought of her actions.
“Guileless” is a trap since it is a synonym of both ingenuous and artless, all
three of which mean innocent and without deception; this meaning, however,
is the opposite of what
the blank requires. Finally, “culpable” means guilty and is an attractive trap,
but goes further than the clues in the sentence; the woman was not naïve, but
she was not necessarily guilty.
55.
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