A b s t r a c t a r t I c L e I n f o

Periodica Journal of Modern Philosophy, Social Sciences and Humanities 
Volume 17,April , 2023 
 
88 
https://periodica.com
situation. The stylistic structure of the language allows it to perform specific speech tasks through certain 
functional styles, in which speakers direct the participants in the dialogue to certain opinions, effective and 
efficient speech communication between them, as a result of which the goals and objectives of communication 
are achieved. 
Particular attention is paid to the study of sentence types, problems associated with the study of sentences, 
questions of comparison and comparison of sentences in different languages. Therefore, the comparison and 
distinction of sentences and their types in languages belonging to different families and groups is one of the 
most pressing issues today. Today, sentences are studied in various fields of linguistics, including comparative 
linguistics, areal linguistics, comparative typology, cognitive linguistics, linguistics, and pragmatic linguistics.
Of course, the analysis of proposals and their problems in each branch of linguistics requires new approaches 
and methods. Therefore, the topic of a separate study of sentences as the main language unit deserves 
attention. 
Most linguists who have studied comparisons in the language believe that stable comparisons are close to 
phraseological units or have the status of phraseological units, they are stabilized as a result of the use in 
people's speech for many centuries and are fixed in the minds of speakers in the form of certain models. , 
emphasizes that the standard of comparison, i.e., an image based on comparison, is naturally and strictly 
associated with a specific sign-subject. 
Inversion (lat. “overturning, replacement”) is a syntactic device, a stylistic figure based on a change in the 
usual order of the members of a sentence. Inversion is used for such purposes as the emphatic or logical 
selection of a word or phrase in a sentence, the rhythmic and intonational organization of poetic speech.
Inversion is the most used syntactic device in poetic speech, found in almost all poems. Inversion allows you 
to highlight the stressed word, move it to the stressed position in the verse. 
The order of words in a sentence changes according to certain rules. For example, the possessive pronoun 
may come after the verb, but the article and demonstrative pronoun must come before the noun they belong 
to. Sometimes the exchange of words changes the syntactic relations in the sentence and, at the same time, 
the general content of the sentence. 
Connecting simple sentences without a conjunction - asyndeton - is usually used to explain the sequence of 
steps that represent an action. Eliminating conjunctions between predicative compound words reduces the 
time it takes to pronounce each compound word and gives the sentence clarity and slight tension.
Polysyndetone, on the other hand, softens the transition from one sentence to the next. Modern linguistics has 
made great strides in the study of complex sentences. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the 
study of complex sentences in the semantic-syntactic and formal-functional directions. 
Existing stylistic theories show that complex sentences differ from simple sentences on the basis of such 
features as syntactic, semantic structure, tonality, level of use. These are the following: 
A complex sentence and a simple sentence differ in their syntactic structure. A complex sentence consists 
of several predicative units, a simple sentence consists of only one predicative unit: 
• Union: He knew perfectly well what could happen ... (Hemingway) 
• Simple sentence: He wrote to his father. (Hemingway) 
A simple sentence and a complex sentence differ in content structure. A simple sentence expresses one 
reality, while a compound sentence expresses two or more realities and the relationship between them: 
Simple sentence: At that moment, a postman who looked like a German army officer entered with mail.
(Mansfield) 
Union: When the boy returned, the old man was asleep in the chair, and the sun had already set. (Hemingway) 
Both in a simple and in a compound sentence, two types of syntactic connection are formed: agreement, 
parataxis and subordination, hypotaxis. But these syntactic relations are different in a simple sentence and in 
a compound sentence. In a simple sentence, an afterword is formed between the parts of a phraseological unit, 
and an alignment is formed between its connected parts. In a compound sentence, both are used to show the 
relationship between two predicative parts. Both relationships can be syndetic or asyndetic. 

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