A m b r I d g e university press

NB There are more words than spaces so you will not use them all You may use any of the
words more than once.
EARLY FIRE-LIGHTING METHODS
Primitive societies saw fire as a ... (Example) ... gift.
Answer heavenly
They tried to ... (1) ... burning logs or charcoal ... (2) ... that they could create
fire themselves. It is suspected that the first man-made flames were produced
by ... (3) ...
The very first fire-lighting methods involved the creation of ... (4) ... by, for
example, rapidly ... (5) ... a wooden stick in a round hole. The use of ... (6) ...
or persistent chipping was also widespread in Europe and among other peoples
such as the Chinese and ... (7) ... . European practice of this method continued
until the 1850s ... (8) ... the discovery of phosphorus some years earlier.
List of Words
Mexicans
random
rotating
despite
preserve
realising
sunlight
lacking
heavenly
percussion
chance
friction
unaware
without
make
heating
Eskimos
surprised
until
smoke

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Rreading
Questions 9-15
Look at the following notes that have been made about the matches described in Reading
Passage 1. Decide which type of match (A-H) corresponds with each description and write
your answers in boxes 9 15 on your answer sheet.
NB There are more matches than descriptions so you will not use them all. You may use any
match more than once.
Example
Answer
could be lit after soaking in water
H
NOTES
9
made using a less poisonous type of phosphorus
10
identical to a previous type of match