IELTS
JOURNAL
98
Match each paragraph with one of the headings below.
1. A pessimistic prediction.
2. The probability of life existing on other planets.
3. Astronomers send messages through space.
4. How to avoid contact with aliens.
5. The search for alien life-forms.
6. Life-forms exist on other planets.
Exercise 37: Multiple choice
Read the following text, and chose the best answer to the questions below.
The Placebo Effect
A placebo is a sham or simulated medical intervention. Sometimes patients
given a placebo treatment will have a perceived or
actual improvement in a
medical condition, a phenomenon commonly called the placebo effect.
A study of Danish general practitioners found that 48% had prescribed a placebo
at least 10 times in the past year. The most frequently prescribed placebos were
antibiotics for viral infections, and vitamins for fatigue.
Specialists and hospital-
based physicians reported much lower rates of placebo use.
1. The placebo effect refers to
A) a simulated medical treatment
B) an improvement in a patient’s health as a result of a simulated medical
treatment
C)
a common medical phenomenon
2. According to a study, placebos were prescribed in Denmark
A) mainly by doctors working in hospitals
B)
instead of antibiotics
C) for fatigued patients or those suffering with viruses
IELTS
JOURNAL
99
Exercise 38: True, False, Not Given
Read the following text about 'collocation':
Collocation is defined as a sequence of words or terms which co-occur more
often than would be expected by chance. Collocation
comprises the restrictions
on how words can be used together, for example which prepositions are used
with particular verbs, or which verbs and nouns are used together. An example
of this (from Michael Halliday) is
the collocation strong tea. While the same
meaning could be conveyed through the roughly equivalent
powerful tea, the
fact is that English prefers to speak of tea in terms of being strong rather than in
terms of being powerful. A
similar observation holds for powerful computers
which is preferred over
strong computers.
If
the expression is heard often, the words become 'glued' together in our
minds. 'Crystal clear', 'middle management', 'nuclear family', and 'cosmetic
surgery' are examples of collocated pairs of words. Some words are often found
together because they make up a compound noun, for example 'text message'
or 'motor cyclist'.
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