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men on sport, allowing them more time for studying. 
Exercise: Reduce the clauses in the sentences into phrases. 
1.
 
The figures then dropped sharply to well below 5000, which was the lowest in record for 
more than 40 years. 
2.
 
The largest number of visitors in total came from the United States, which rose from 345 
to 609 thousand. 
3.
 
Rents shot up from 11% in 1993 to 21% in 2003, which doubled over the ten-year period. 
4.
 
From the end of 2001, consumption remained unchanged with two minor peaks at the end 
of 2001 and 2002, which corresponded with two dips in the use of nuclear and fossil 
energies. 
5.
 
Email and instant messenger are close thirds and fourths in popularity, which scored 17% 
and 16% respectively for men, 21% and 18% for their counterparts. 
6.
 
The amount of money saved also dropped dramatically, which stepped down from 6% in 
2003 to just 2% ten years later. 
7.
 
In the first two months of the year, the number of internet users reached nearly 1.5 
million, which was double the estimate for the period. 
8.
 
The number of internet users soared once more during March and April, which outstripped 
forecasts by a wide margin. 

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IELTS
 JOURNAL 
 
23 
Writing an introduction
The opening sentence for the first paragraph should define what the graph is about that is 
the date, location and what is being described in the graph. The easiest way to start writing 
is by paraphrasing the topic. Practice writing different introductions about one graph.