Attribute in modern english

Conclusion
In the present paper we have demonstrated the existence in the English language of two highly different syntactico-semantic classes of change of state attributes: one class groups together those attributes that complement the aspectual variants of the semantically neuter copula be that describe a change of state (become, grow, turn, go, get, come, etc.), and the 150 Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses
other one embraces, in turn, those attributes that optíonally figure in the argument structure of lexical verbs such as break, paint, wash and many others. We have called the members of the former class simply 'change of state attributes' and those belonging to the latter group, 'resultative attributes'. As has been shown throughout this study, the previous división is mainly motivated by the distinct syntactico-semantic behaviour displayed by the verbal constituent of both types of attributive clauses and, as a consequence, by the particular relationship it maintains with its change of state attributes. What really underlies such a binary distinction is, nevertheless, a recent and wide conception of attribution which, apart from the canonical copulative clauses of Traditional Grammar, also includes in its scope those structures that combine in only one syntactic pattem two distinct relations of predication: the first one being verbal in nature and the second one, in contrast, attributive.

List of References
Chafe, W. (1970): Meaning and the Structure of Language. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Curme, G. O. (1931): A Grammar of'the English Language, 3. (Syntax). Boston: Heath. Demonte, V. (1991): Detrás de lapalabra. Estudios de gramática del español. Madrid: Alianza. Downing, A. and P. Locke (1992): A University Course in English Grammar. New York: Prentice Hall.
Gaulmyn, M. M. and S. Remi-Giraud (eds.) (1991): A la Recherche de l'Attribut. Lyon: Presses Universitaires de Lyon.
Garrudo, F. (1991, 1996): Diccionario sintáctico del verbo inglés, I y II. Barcelona: Ariel. Givón, T. (1993): English Grammar. A Function-Based Introduction. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Gonzálvez García, F. (1996): Towards an understanding of the syntax-semantics relationship in complex transitive complementation in contemporary British English. Ph. D. Dissertation.
Bologna: Reale Collegio di Spagna, University of Bologna. (2 vols.)
(1998): "Complex-transitive complementation revisited: from Quirk et a/.'s Grammar of Contemporary English to the international corpus of English." In M. Martínez Vázquez, ed., Transitivity Revisited. Universidad de Huelva, 95-130.
Greenbaum, S. and R. Quirk (1990): A Student's Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman.
Gutiérrez Ordóñez, S. (1986): Variaciones sobre la atribución. León: Universidad de León. Halliday, M. A.K. (1967-68) "Notes on transitivity and theme in English." Journal ofLinguistics 3: 37-81; 199-244 & Journal of Linguistics 4: 179-215.
152 Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses Hernández Alonso, C. (1971): "Atribución y predicación." Boletín de la Real Academia Española LIX: 327-340.
Jackson, H. (1990): Grammar and Meaning. A Semantic Approach to English Grammar. London: Longman.
Jespersen, O. (1909-49): A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principies, III. London: Alien & Unwin.
Kac, M. B. (1972): "Action and Result: Two Aspects of Predication in English." Syntax and Semantics 1: 117-124.
Kruisinga, E. (1922): A Handbook of Present-Day English, II. (Accidence and Syntax). Groningen: Noordhoff, 1931 (5a¡ editíon).
Levin, B. (1993): English Verb Classes and Alternations. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Martínez Vázquez, M. (1991): Sintaxis inglesa: la atribución. (Estudio sintáctico-semántico de las estructuras atributivas en inglés contemporáneo). Cáceres: Universidad de Extremadura. Penadés Martínez, I. (1994): Esquemas sintáctico-semánticos de los verbos atributivos del español. Madrid: Universidad de Alcalá.
Porroche Ballesteros, M. (1990): Aspectos de la atribución en español. Zaragoza: Pórtico. Poustma, H. (1926-29): A Grammar ofLate Modern English. Groningen: Noordhoff. Rapoport, T. R. (1993): "Stage and Adjunct Predicates: Licensing and Structure in Secondary Predication Constructions." In E. Reuland y W. Abraham, eds., Knowledge andLanguage, II. Lexical and Conceptual Structure. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press, 157-182. Riviére, C. (1981) "Résultatifs anglais et transitivité." Modeles Linguistiques 3: 162-180. Simpson, J. (1983): "Resultatives." In L. Levin, M. Rappaport y A Zaenen, eds., Papers in Lexical-Functional Grammar. Bloomington: Indiana Linguistics Club, 143-157. Zandvoort, R. W. (1957): A Handbook of English Grammar. London: Longman