Aura 2016 Supplementary data

Table S3.8 Prevalence of antimicrobial use and infection in residential aged care facilities, by jurisdiction, remoteness and provider type, 2015

Measure	Category	Number of facilities	Number of beds audited	Prevalence of antimicrobial use, n (%)	Prevalence of infection, n (%)
State	New South Wales	17	545	66 (12.1)	32 (5.9)
State	Queensland	7	481	31 (6.4)	17 (3.5)
State	South Australia	8	559	99 (17.7)	53 (9.5)
State	Tasmania	6	147	19 (12.9)	9 (6.1)
State	Victoria	130	4704	334 (7.1)	172 (3.7)
State	Western Australia	18	1153	310 (26.9)	61 (5.3)
Remoteness	Major cities	51	2881	397 (13.8)	127 (4.4)
Remoteness	Inner regional	81	3323	312 (9.4)	148 (4.5)
Remoteness	Outer regional	45	1245	123 (9.9)	50 (4.0)
Remoteness	Remote	8	128	25 (20.0)	17 (13.6)
Remoteness	Very remote	1	12	2 (16.7)	2 (16.7)
Provider type	Not for profit	37	2181	426 (19.5)	120 (5.5)
Provider type	Government	141	4963	395 (8.0)	207 (4.2)
Provider type	Private	8	445	38 (8.5)	17 (3.8)
National aggregate	na	186	7589	859 (11.3)	344 (4.5)

na = not applicable

Source: acNAPS, 2015

Table S3.9 World Health Organization defined daily doses for antibacterial agents included in the National Antimicrobial Utilisation Surveillance Program annual report

Table S3.9a J01A Tetracyclines

ATC code – chemical subgroup	ATC code	Generic name	Defined daily dose (grams)	Route
J01AA Tetracyclines	J01AA02	Doxycycline	0.1	O, P
J01AA Tetracyclines	J01AA08	Minocycline	0.2	O, P
J01AA Tetracyclines	J01AA12	Tigecycline	0.1	P

ATC = Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical; O = oral; P = parenteral

Source: World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology

Table S3.9b J01B Amphenicols

ATC code – chemical subgroup	ATC code	Generic name	Defined daily dose (grams)	Route
J01BA Amphenicols	J01BA01	Chloramphenicol	3	O, P

ATC = Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical; O = oral; P = parenteral

Source: World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology

Table S3.9c J01C β-lactam antibacterials, penicillins

ATC code – chemical subgroup	ATC code	Generic name	Defined daily dose (grams)	Route
J01CA Penicillins with extended spectrum	J01CA01	Ampicillin^a	2	O, P
J01CA Penicillins with extended spectrum	J01CA04	Amoxicillin^a	1	O, P
J01CE β-lactamase-sensitive penicillins	J01CE01	Benzylpenicillin^a	3.6	P
J01CE β-lactamase-sensitive penicillins	J01CE02	Phenoxymethylpenicillin^a	2	O
J01CE β-lactamase-sensitive penicillins	J01CE08	Benzathine benzylpenicillin^a	3.6	P
J01CE β-lactamase-sensitive penicillins	J01CE09	Procaine penicillin^a	0.6	P
J01CF β-lactamase-resistant penicillins	J01CF01	Dicloxacillin	2	O, P
J01CF β-lactamase-resistant penicillins	J01CF05	Flucloxacillin	2	O, P
J01CR Combinations of penicillins, including β-lactamase inhibitors	J01CR02	Amoxycillin and enzyme inhibitor^a	1	O
J01CR Combinations of penicillins, including β-lactamase inhibitors	J01CR03	Ticarcillin and enzyme inhibitor^b	15	P
J01CR Combinations of penicillins, including β-lactamase inhibitors	J01CR05	Piperacillin and enzyme inhibitor^b	14	P

ATC = Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical; O = oral; P = parenteral

a Without antipseudomonal activity

b With antipseudomonal activity

Source: World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology

Table S3.9d J01D Other β-lactam antibacterials

ATC code – chemical subgroup	ATC code	Generic name	Defined daily dose (grams)	Route
J01DB First-generation cephalosporins	J01DB01	Cefalexin	2	O
J01DB First-generation cephalosporins	J01DB03	Cefalotin	4	P
J01DB First-generation cephalosporins	J01DB04	Cefazolin	3	P
J01DC Second-generation cephalosporins	J01DC01	Cefoxitin	6	P
J01DC Second-generation cephalosporins	J01DC02	Cefuroxime	0.5	O
J01DC Second-generation cephalosporins	J01DC04	Cefaclor	1	O
J01DD Third-generation cephalosporins	J01DD01	Cefotaxime	4	P
J01DD Third-generation cephalosporins	J01DD02	Ceftazidime	4	P
J01DD Third-generation cephalosporins	J01DD04	Ceftriaxone	2	P
J01DE Fourth-generation cephalosporins	J01DE01	Cefepime	2	P
J01DH Carbapenems	J01DH02	Meropenem	2	P
J01DH Carbapenems	J01DH51	Imipenem and enzyme inhibitor	2	P
J01DH Carbapenems	J01DH03	Ertapenem	1	P
J01DH Carbapenems	J01DH04	Doripenem	1.5	P
J01DF Monobactams	J01DF01	Aztreonam	4	P
J01DI Other cephalosporins	J01DI02	Ceftaroline	1.2	P

ATC = Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical; O = oral; P = parenteral

Source: World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology

Table S3.9e J01E Sulfonamides and trimethoprim

ATC code – chemical subgroup	ATC code	Generic name	Defined daily dose (grams)	Route
J01EA Trimethoprim and derivatives	J01EA01	Trimethoprim	0.4	O, P
J01EE Sulfonamides and trimethoprim	J01EE01	Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim	1.92	O, P

ATC = Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical; O = oral; P = parenteral

Source: World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology

Table S3.9f J01F Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins

ATC code – chemical subgroup	ATC code	Generic name	Defined daily dose (grams)	Route
J01FA Macrolides	J01FA01	Erythromycin	1	O, P
J01FA Macrolides	J01FA01	Erythromycin ethylsuccinate	2	O
J01FA Macrolides	J01FA06	Roxithromycin	0.3	O
J01FA Macrolides	J01FA09	Clarithromycin	0.5	O
J01FA Macrolides	J01FA10	Azithromycin	0.3	O
J01FA Macrolides	J01FA10	Azithromycin	0.5	P
J01FF Lincosamides	J01FF01	Clindamycin	1.2	O
J01FF Lincosamides	J01FF01	Clindamycin	1.8	P
J01FF Lincosamides	J01FF02	Lincomycin	1.8	O, P
J01FG Streptogramins	J01FG01	Pristinamycin	2	O
J01FG Streptogramins	J01FG02	Quinupristin/dalfopristin	1.5	P

ATC = Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical; O = oral; P = parenteral

Source: World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology

Table S3.9g J01G Aminoglycoside antibacterials

ATC code – chemical subgroup	ATC code	Generic name	Defined daily dose (grams)	Route
J01GB Other aminoglycosides	J01GB01	Tobramycin	0.24	P
J01GB Other aminoglycosides	J01GB01	Tobramycin	0.3	Inh solution
J01GB Other aminoglycosides	J01GB01	Tobramycin	0.112	Inh powder
J01GB Other aminoglycosides	J01GB03	Gentamicin	0.24	P
J01GB Other aminoglycosides	J01GB05	Neomycin	1	O
J01GB Other aminoglycosides	J01GB06	Amikacin	1	P

ATC = Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical; Inh = inhalation; O = oral; P = parenteral

Source: World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology

Table S3.9h J01M Quinolone antibacterials

ATC code – chemical subgroup	ATC code	Generic name	Defined daily dose (grams)	Route
J01MA Fluoroquinolones	J01MA01	Ofloxacin (oral product not marketed in Australia but available through Special Access Scheme)	0.4	O
J01MA Fluoroquinolones	J01MA02	Ciprofloxacin	1	O
J01MA Fluoroquinolones	J01MA02	Ciprofloxacin	0.5	P
J01MA Fluoroquinolones	J01MA06	Norfloxacin	0.8	O
J01MA Fluoroquinolones	J01MA14	Moxifloxacin	0.4	O, P

ATC = Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical; O = oral; P = parenteral

Source: World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology

Table S3.9i J01X Other antibacterials

ATC code – chemical subgroup	ATC code	Generic name	Defined daily dose (grams)	Route
J01XA Glycopeptide antibacterials	J01XA01	Vancomycin	2	O, P
J01XA Glycopeptide antibacterials	J01XA02	Teicoplanin	0.4	P
J01XB Polymyxins	J01XB01	Colistin	3 MU	P, Inh
J01XC Steroid antibacterials	J01XC01	Fusidic acid	1.5	O, P
J01XD Imidazole derivatives	J01XD01	Metronidazole	1.5	P
J01XD Imidazole derivatives	J01XD01	Metronidazole	2	O, R
J01XD Imidazole derivatives	J01XD02	Tinidazole	2	O
J01XX Other antibacterials	J01XX08	Linezolid	1.2	O, P
J01XX Other antibacterials	J01XX09	Daptomycin	0.28	P
J04AB Antibiotics	J04AB02	Rifampicin	0.6	O, P

ATC = Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical; Inh = inhalation; MU = million units; O = oral; P = parenteral; R = rectal

Source: World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology