G‘apporov M. Ingliz tili grammatikasi

+ have + been able to ishlatiladi. Lekin bu juda kam uchraydi:
I could do it if I tried.
I should be able to do it if I tried.
I could have done it if I tried.
I should (would) have been able to do it if I tried.
ARALASH NOREAL SHART GAPLAR
Ba’zan shart (shart ergash gapdagi ish-harakat) o‘tgan zamonga taalluq-
li bo‘lib, natijasi (bosh gapdagi ish-harakat) hozirgi zamonga taalluq
li
bo‘lishi yoki aksincha bo‘lishi mumkin. Bunday gaplar aralash shart gaplar
deyiladi:
If you had worked harder
last year, you would know
English well now.
Agar o‘tgan yili qattiqroq ishlaga-
ningizda edi, hozir ingliz tilini yax-
shi bilardingiz.
Yuqoridagi gapning shart gapida ish-harakat o‘tgan zamonga taal luq li
va Past Perfect ishlatilgan, bosh gapida esa ish-harakat hozirgi zamon ga
taalluqli va would + V ishlatilgan.
If he knew English well, he
would have translated the
article without diffi culty yesterday.
Agar u ingliz tilini yaxshi bilgan-
da edi, kecha maqolani qiynal-
masdan tarjima qilgan bo‘lardi.
Bu yerda shart ergash gapdagi ish-harakat hozirgi zamonda (Simple Past
ishlatilgan), bosh gapdagi ish-harakat esa o‘tgan zamonda (would + have + 
P.P. ishlatilgan).
SHARTI YOKI NATIJASI BO‘LMAGAN
NOREAL SHART GAPLAR
Ba’zan noreal shart gaplarda bosh gap yoki ergash gap bo‘lmaydi, faqat
taxmin qilinadi:
www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi

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Why didn’t you tell me about it? I

should have helped you.
(Bu yerda shartni taxmin qilish
mumkin: If you had told me about it
agar menga bu haqda aytganin gizda 
edi).
Nima uchun bu haqda menga
aytmadingiz? Men sizga yor-
dam bergan bo‘lardim.
It is a pity you didn’t send us any in-
structions. We should have shipped 
the goods yesterday. (Bu yerda shart-
ni taxmin qilish mumkin: If we had
received your instructions agar biz 
sizning ko‘rsatmalaringizni olgani-
mizda edi).
Afsus bizga hech qanday
ko‘r satmalar
jo‘natmadingiz.
Biz mollarni kecha yuklagan
bo‘lardik.
If I had known it before! (Bu
yerda shartdan kelib chiqadigan
natijani taxmin qilish mumkin:
I should have done it men buni
qilgan bo‘lardim yoki: I should
have helped him men unga yordam 
berardim).
Men buni ilgari bilganimda edi!
If they were here! (Bu yerda shart-
dan kelib chiqadigan natija taxmin
qilinadi: I should be so glad men 
shunday xursand bo‘lardimki yoki:
they would explain everything ular 
hamma narsani tushuntirib berar-
dilar).
Agar ular shu yerda bo‘lganlarida
edi!