Lecture on Transformer By D. M. Parshuramkar



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PPT-on-Transformer (1)


Lecture on Transformer
By D. M. Parshuramkar
Introduction
Transformer is the main reason to transmit and distribute power in AC. Transformer is a device which works on the principle of mutual induction.

Principle of operation


It is based on principle of MUTUAL INDUCTION. According to which an e.m.f. is induced in a coil when current in the neighboring coil changes.
Principle of transformer is it convert high voltage (low current) into low voltage (high current). In ideal transformer, input power is equal to out power. In transformer the relation between EMF and current is inversely proportional and EMF and number of turns is directly proportional to each other. The ratio of Es/Ep= Ns/Np is called turns ratio or transformer ratio. Then there are two types of transformer, step-up and step-down transformer.
Transformer is the main reason to transmit
and distribute power in AC.
The ratio is called as turn ratio or transformer ratio.
In idea transformer
I/P power = O/P Power
Put this values in equation III, we get

Applications


There are wide applications of transformers such as,

Applications
  • It can increases or decreases the value of L, C or R in an AC circuit. This can act as impedance transferring device
  • It can isolate two circuit electrically
  • To prevent DC from passing from one circuit to the other
  • Step-down level of voltage at single phase 11KV to 220 V, Three phase 11KV to 440 V

Applications
  • The current transformer Np/Ns and Potential transformer Ns/Np are used in industry and power system
  • It used for impedance matching
  • Impedance transformer ratio=(Ns/Np)2

Power Losses In Transformer
  • Iron losses
  • Copper losses
  • Eddy current losses
  • Hysteresis losses
  • Heat losses I2R

Transformer Efficiency
Transformer efficiency is given as:
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