Purge to the atmosphere
39
Figure B-3-6: Influents/effluents scheme for catalytic reforming in regeneration section
3.6. Effluents characterization
In this part, each effluent (except products from the process and by-products) is the most
precisely as possible characterized with data available.
3.6.1. Reaction section
Reaction section of the catalytic reforming process does not have any waste effluent.
Emissions come from fugitive emissions and process heaters.
Fugitive emissions
Media
Gas
Origin
Valves, pump seals, flanges, open-ended valves, relief valves,
compressor seals, drains, sample connections.
Destination
Diffuse in the atmosphere
Quantity
Can be estimated with the Average Factor Method
Composition
VOCs, HAPs, chlorinated compounds
Fugitive emissions are not negligible. They can be estimated thanks to the Average Factor
Method which is explained in part A.
The volatile nature of toluene, xylene, benzene and other HAPs which are formed during
catalytic reforming makes fugitive emissions HAPs largest release source.
Gas relieves
Media
Gas
Origin
Relief valves, reflux drum
Destination
Flare or atmosphere
Quantity
?
Composition
CO
2
, VOCs, HAPs
Catalytic reforming
Regeneration
FG / FO
Combustion gas
Air
H
2
O
C
2
Cl
4
Caustic
soda
Caustic purge
Regeneration loop purge
Lock hopper depressurization
Fugitive emissions /
Gas relieves
40
Flue gas from furnaces
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