Causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of various animal diseases introduction


CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMON DISEASES (continued)



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LIVESTOCK DISEASES

 

CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMON DISEASES (continued) 

BACTERIAL 

DISEASES

 

 



 

 

Pneumonia 

Bacteria, fungi, dust, or other 

foreign matter.  The bacterium, 



pasturella multiocida, is often 

responsible for the disease. 

A general dullness, failing 

appetite, fever & difficulty 

breathing.

 

Proper housing, ventilation, 



sanitation, and antibiotics.

 

Tetanus 

A spore-forming anaerobe 

bacterium is the cause.  The 

spores may be found in the soil & 

feces of animals.

 

Difficulty swallowing, stiff 



muscles, & muscle spasms.

 

Immunizing animals with a 



tetanus toxoid.

 

Atrophic Rhinitis 

Two different bacterium, 

Bordetella bronchiospetica & 

Pasturella, cause atrophic rhinitis. 

Affects the nose, making it 

crooked and wrinkled.  

Sneezing, nose bleeds, and 

a tear-stained face occur. 

Sanitation and a good 

health program are 

important for prevention.  

Vaccines are available. 

Anthrax 

A spore-forming bacterium causes 

the disease.

 

Fever, swelling in the lower 



body region, a bloody 

discharge, staggering, 

trembling, difficult breathing, 

& convulsive movements.

 

An annual vaccination.  



Manure & contaminated 

materials should be burned 

& area disinfected.  Insects 

should be controlled. 

 

Blackleg 

(Cattle-Sheep) A spore-forming 

bacterium that remains in an area 

permanently.  The germ has an 

incubation period of one to five 

days & is taken into the body from 

contaminated soil & water.

 

Lameness, followed by 



depression & fever.. The 

muscles in the hip, shoulder, 

chest, back, & neck swell.

 

A preventative vaccine.



 

Brucellosis 

Caused by bacteria.  Brucella 



abortus is the bacterium. 

The abortion of the immature 

fetus is the only sign in some 

animals. 

Vaccinating calves with Br. 

abortus prevent cattle from 

contacting the disease.  

Infected cattle must be 

slaughtered. 

Distemper 

(Horses) – Contagious.  Exposure 

to cold, wet weather, fatigue, and 

an infection of the respiratory tract 

aid in spreading the disease. 

Increased respiratory rate

depression, loss of appetite 

& discharge of pus from the 

nose are visible symptoms.  

Infected animals have fever 

& swollen lymph glands, 

located under the jaw 

Animals with disease 

should be isolated, provided 

with rest, protected from the 

weather, and treated with 

antibiotics. 

Erysipelas 

A resistant bacterium capable of 

living several months in barnyard 

litter. 


Three forms: acute, 

subacute, & diamond skin 

form.  Acute: constipation, 

diarrhea, & reddish patches 

on the skin. Subacute: 

usually localized in an organ 

such as heart, bladder, or 

joints.  Sloughing off of the 

skin is common. 

An anti-swine erysipelas 

serum is available. 

Leptospirosis 

Caused by a bacterium found in 

the blood, urine & milk of infected 

animals. 

Causes abortion & sterility.  

Symptoms are blood-tinged 

milk & urine. 

Susceptible animals should 

be vaccinated. 

Tuberculosis 

Three types of tubercle bacilli 

causing the disease are human

bovine, & avian.  The human type 

rarely produces TB in lower 

animals, but the bovine type is 

capable of producing the disease 

in most warm-blooded 

vertebrates.  The avian type 

produces the disease in birds & 

swine. 

Lungs are affected.  

However, other organs may 

be affected.  Some animals 

show no symptoms; others 

appear unthrifty & have a 

cough. 

Maintaining a sanitary 

environment & comfortable 

quarters help prevent the 

disease. 

 



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