A. Use the time clauses in the boxes to complete the sentences. Pay particular attention to the words that come before or after the time clause. Part 1: One action or situation occurring before another action or situation prior to • previously • earlier • formerly • precede • by the time
1. _____________________the advent of the Industrial Revolution, pollution was virtually unheard of.
2. _____________________the army had restored order, the city had been almost completely devastated.
3. _____________________known as Burma, the republic of Myanmar is undergoing a slow and painful
political transformation.
4. A sudden drop in temperature will usually _____________________a blizzard.
5. It was my first trip on an aeroplane. _____________________I’d always gone by train.
6. The Prime Minister made a speech praising charity organisations working in Mozambique.
_____________________that day he had promised massive economic aid to stricken areas.
Part 2: One action or situation occurring at the same time as another action or situation while/as/just as • during/throughout • at that very moment • in the meantime/meanwhile
1. _____________________the minister was making his speech, thousands of demonstrators took to
the streets.
2. _____________________ the speech they jeered and shouted slogans.
3. The minister continued speaking. _____________________ the police were ordered onto the streets.
4. He finished the speech with a word of praise for the police. _____________________ people began
throwing bottles and bricks, and the riot began.
Part 3: One action or situation occurring after another action or situation afterwards • as soon as / once / the minute that • following
1. _____________________ the earthquake, emergency organisations around the world swung into action.
2. _____________________ the stock market collapsed, there was panic buying on an unprecedented scale.
3. The Klondike gold rush lasted from 1896 to 1910. _____________________ the area became
practically deserted overnight.
