Comparative analysis of native english and uzbek phraseological units according to some cultural features

MAIN PART
The field of phraseology (or idiomaticity) in any language is so varied and fascinating that one could spend
an entire lifetime considering and analyzing it from various viewpoints. A phraseological unit is an
established, universal and essential element that, used with care, ornaments and enriches the language.
Phraseological units are interesting because they are colorful and lively and because they are linguistic
curiosities. At the same time, they are difficult because they have unpredictable meanings and grammar, and
often have special connotations. Research into phraseological unit’s shows that they have important role in
language.
Though there are differences in opinions, all linguists agree that phraseological units or idioms are probably
“the most picturesque, colorful and expressive part of the language vocabulary, which reflect nation’s
customs, traditions and prejudices, recollections of its past history, scraps of folk songs and fairy tales. But it
is necessary to distinguish them from other words and phrases existing in the language”.
In the culture, there is a system of information signs (cultural codes), which is based on a person's ability to
correlate events from different areas, to highlight their main characteristics. The cultural code is an
important link in the linguistic cultural analysis of phraseological units. Linguistic and cultural analysis lets
us to establish the relatedness of phraseological units with cultural codes - the realities that people gave
cultural meaning. The cultural code - a system of signs of the material and spiritual world, became the
bearers of cultural meanings, which “are read” in these signs. The main function of the cultural code is to
describe the cultural space, and its form - the various signs of the material and the spiritual world. Thus, the
cultural code - this is such a category, which is representative of the cultural meanings.
NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT]
ISSN: 2394-3696 Website: ijiert.org
VOLUME 7, ISSUE 10, Oct.-2020
159 | P a g e
Phraseological units as signs of language and culture are investigated in the linguoculturological aspect,
which originates in the studies of V.N. Telia, V.V. Krasnyh, D.B. Gudkov, M.L. Kovshova and others. The
main purpose of the linguoculturological analysis of phraseological units is to identify and describe the
cultural and national connotations. The bearer of the cultural connotation in phraseological units is their
image base - inner form. The inner form plays a special role in the semantic structure of the phraseological
unit. The interpretation of the image base of the phraseological unit (inner form) in the significant cultural
and national space of the English and Uzbek languages is a mechanism for opening the cultural
connotations.
The most important thing for understanding the inner form of the phraseological unit - is to build images and
their interpretation, the very human ability to create images, to be aware of language forms. The inner form
is regarded as a way of organizing values of the phraseological unit, as the image that lies in the nomination
by the phraseological unit of the definite situation of the objective (or subjective) reality. In the same way
you create a The word - components in the structure of the phraseological unit are involved in the image
creation, which motivates its value. The ratio of word components of the phraseological unit with cultural
codes, according to M.L. Kovshova is “a key element of its cultural interpretation” because “it is the
procedure that results in decoding of cultural meanings of phraseological units that are interpretants of the
phraseological sign, reconstructs the cultural connotation of the phraseological unit, generates its role as a
sign of culture”.
Phraseological Units carry different types of cultural connotational value according to its origin. The
analysis of the origin of phraseological units may contribute to a better understanding of meaning of a
phraseological unit. According to the origin all phraseological units fall into two groups: native and
borrowed.
The main sources of native phraseological units are:
• Terminological and professional units of the language;
• Traditions and customs:
• Legends and superstitions:
• Historical facts and events, personalities:
• Phenomena and facts of everyday life concerning different spheres such as sport, environment, food:
The main sources of borrowed phraseological units are as follows:
- The Religious Script:
- Ancient legends and myths belonging to different religious or cultural traditions:
- Facts and events of the world history:
Native phraseological units carry big cultural information which is specific only to the nation. In order to
catch the idea given in these kinds of phrases and idioms one must be much more intelligible in terms of the
country’s culture, traditions and history besides paying attention to the language competence.