Copyright 1996

Reading 
Passage 1 below 
READING PASSAGE 1 
??????? 
A. That 'Monday morning feeling' could be a
heart rate go up and there are hormonal
crushing pain in the chest which leaves you
changes in their bodies,' Wilhch explained 'All
sweating and gasping for breath Recent
these things can have an adverse effect in the
research from Germany and Italy shows that
blood system and increase the risk of a clot in
heart attacks are more common on Monday
the arteries which will cause a heart attack
mornings and doctors blame the stress of
'When people return to work after a weekend
returning to work after the weekend break
off, the pace of their life changes They have a
higher workload, more stress, more anger and
B The risk of having a heart attack on any
more physical activity/ said Wilhch 'We need
given day should be one in seven, but a six-
to know how these events cause changes in the
year study coordinated by researchers at the
body before we can understand if they cause
Free University of Berlin of more than 2,600
heart attacks '
Germans revealed that the average person had
a 20 per cent higher chance of having a heart
G But although it is tempting to believe that
attack on a Monday than on any other day
returning to work increases the risk of a heart
attack, both Wilhch and the Italian researchers
C. Working Germans are particularly
admit that it is only a partial answer Both
vulnerable, with a 33 per cent higher risk at the
studies showed that the over-65s are also
beginning of the working week Non-workers,
vulnerable on a Monday morning even though
by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on
most no longer work The reason for this is not
a Monday than any other day
clear, but the Italian team at the Luigi Saddo
Hospital m Milan speculate that social
D A study of 11,000 Italians identified 8 am on
interactions — the thought of facing another
a Monday morning as the most stressful time
week and all its pressures — may play a part
for the heart, and both studies showed that
Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer
H. What is clear, however, is that the Monday
heart attacks in both countries
morning peak seems to be consistent from
northern Germany to southern Italy in spite of
E. The findings could lead to a better
the differences in diet and lifestyle
understanding of what triggers heart attacks,
according to Dr Stefan Wilhch of the Free
I Wilhch is reluctant at this stage to make
University 'We know a lot about long-term risk
specific recommendations, but he suggests that
factors such as smoking and cholesterol but we
anyone who suffers from heart disease should
don'l know what actually triggers heart
take it easy on Monday mornings and leave
attacks, so we can't make specific recommen-
potentially stressful meetings until midweek
dations about how to prevent them,' he said
'People should try to create a pleasant working
environment,' he added 'Maybe this risk
F. Monday mornings have a double helping of
applies only to those who see work as a
stress for the working body as it makes a rapid
burden, and people who enjoy their work are
transition from sleep to activity, and from the
not so much at risk We need to find out more '
relaxing weekend to the pressures of work
'When people get up, their blood pressure and

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Question 1 
Write your answer in the space numbered 1 on the answer sheet. 
On which day are people least likely to have a heart attack? 
Questions 2-5 
Read the following statements 2-5. According to the reading passage, if the 
statement is true write T, if the statement is false write F, if there is insufficient 
evidence write IE. Write your answers in the spaces numbered 2-5 on the answer 
sheet. An example is shown below.