Copyright 1996
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Questions 1-3
Complete the following statements by writing ONE word from Reading Passage 2 in the spaces numbered 1-3 on the answer sheet. 1 . Training helps intellectually disabled people be a part of a ___ ____ ___ . 2. In order to retain a job people with disabilities need ____________ . _ . . 3. Housing for intellectually disabled people needs to be________________. Questions 4-8 Read each statement and according to the text, write T if the statement is true, F if the statement is false and IE of there is insufficient evidence. Write your answers in the spaces numbered 4-8 on the answer sheet. 4. Intellectual disability is an unchanging disorder. 5. Poor nutrition in mothers can lead to brain damage in newborns. 6. Down syndrome is the result of a shortage of oxygen at birth. 7. Work is the most urgent need for a person with disabilities. 8. Intellectually disabled people usually have hearing problems. QucstMiis 9-10 According to Reading Passage 1, which TWO causes of brain damage are not related to birth or genes. Use ONE word for each answer. Write your answers in the spaces numbered 9-10 on the answer sheet. Questions 11-14 Select the best heading from the list below for each paragraph A-E in Reading Passage 1. Use each letter ONCE only. Write the appropriate letter A-E, in the spaces numbered 11-14 on the answer sheet. There are more headings than paragraphs, so you won't use all of the headings. Example: Answer: Paragraph A iii 1 1 . Paragraph B 12. Paragraph C 13. Paragraph D 14. Paragraph E List of Headings i How is intellectual disability assessed? ii What do people with an intellectual disability need? iii What is intellectual disability? iv How do people with an intellectual disability talk? V What are the forms of intellectual disability? vi What causes intellectual disability? vii I low do you talk to a person with an intellectual disability? viii Which community-based intellectual disability services are available? QUESTIONS 75-24 You are advised to spend about 15 minutes on Questions 75-24 ZC / IK / I refer to Rending Passage 2 below READING PASSAGE 2 FuelCells: 21st Century Electricity The 21st century's leading energy source may By-products from fuel cells are high quality very well depend on the development of a heat, carbon dioxide and steam The technology that was first discovered in 1839 temperature of the exhaust gases is well above Indeed, many experts believe that the future of 500" C, meaning that solid oxide fuel cells are electricity generation will not come from very attractive for electricity and heat further refinement of solar, wind, coal or generation as, in addition to supplying nuclear energy, but from fuel cells Among the electricity, the leftover amounts of heat various types of fuel cells, the ceramic or solid created during the process could be used to oxide fuel cell promises to achieve the greatest produce heat for industries, provide hot water efficiency of conversion of fossil fuels such as supplies or warm buildings gas and coal to electricity while producing only very low levels of pollutants To this end, a Fuel cell technology is not new In fact, the consortium comprising five leading principles of fuel cell operation were first organisations has established Ceramic Fuels reported by British scientist Sir William Grove Ltd, initially to expand fuel cell research and in 1839 His prototype used dilute sulphuric development and secondly, to bring the acid and operated at room temperature technology to commercial application Ceramic fuel cells developed much later, with the first one operating at 1000° C in 1937 Ceramic fuel cells are electrochemical devices that directly convert fuels such as gasified coal Ceramic fuel cells offer many advantages over or natural gas into electricity without the other energy systems limitation of the Carnot cycle (an ideal • they have the potential to produce thermodynamic cycle in which heat is taken electricity efficient!) from several Kiel onto a working fluid at a constant upper sources temperature and rejected at a constant lower • they can generate large amounts of temperature) In many respects, fuel cells electricity work like batteries As long as they are • they are relatively quick to install constantly supplied with fuel and oxidant, fuel cells can continuously produce power, Fuel cell research and dev elopmont is removing the need for recharging extremely competitive worldwide, with the USA, Japan and some European countries Fuel cells offer several advantages over leading the charge to commercialise this traditional thermal power plants The major promising technology For instance, a Dutch difference between these two power Belgian company has developed a fuel cell for generators is that the chemical energy of the a Volkswagen van and is also working on a fuel cell is converted directly to electrical larger unit to power a bus Additionally, a power without intermediate conversion first German company is working on a fuel cell lor to heat The efficiency of a coal-fired thermal the European space shuttle program and for plant is typically in the range of 30%-35% In submarines, while a Canadian company is a combined cycle gas turbine system running evaluating a fuel cell to be used in small on natural gas, the maximum efficiency is in buses the range 45%-50% Many experts believe high temperature fuel cells could reach Recent reports point to promising large efficiencies of 80%-85% Ceramic fuel colls international markets for ceramic fuel ic'lls thus offer a more efficient and less polluting Prospects for fuel cells in South East Asian alternative to current power generation markets appear good Several countries. technologies including Indonesia, Thailand and The Philippines are expected to demonstrate high electricity generation by the most efficient rates of growth in demand for power an method will ensure a promising future for encouraging situation for those countries ceramic fuel cell technology The Ceramic Fuel quick enough to develop and commercialise Cells Ltd initiative represents a major fuel cell technology collaborative venture between public and Energy is a \ ital component of a technology private sectors It is envisaged that this based society and the growing need for venture will go a long way towards achieving a greater efficiency of energy use worldwide Yüklə 1,65 Mb. 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