Dilgam ismailov

participating holidays, to return back who sacked, rise up wa-
ges, gentle treatment with workers such as problems included 
here. But unfortunately theirs requests didnt accepted. 
On January 1904 starting Russia-Japon war with the 
defeat of the imperial army in the country, the political 
situation aggravated again. On 13 December 1904 at the 
Balakhani strike rapidly arounded another districts. Al-
though the nature of the claims were a politic character but 
they had economic requirements also. For instance: 8-hour 
working day, freedom of speech and the press, freedom of 
assembly, and organize unions. On 30 December signed a 
common contract between oil industrialists and workers. 
Employees called this contract a “Black constitution”. 
Strictest finished end of the December with the victory of 
workers. But entrepreneurs made concession to the workers 

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employed in oil industry. On January 1905 this concession 
ascribed workers employed other facilities.
On December the strike of Baku workers was the first 
beginning of Russian Revolution. On 9 January 1905 with 
the incident of “Bloody Sunday” in Russia between 1905-
1907 years started bourgeois democratic revolution. On the 
same day the news of the Bloody Sunday reached to Baku. 
As a sign of solidarity were held in number of strikes in the 
Northern Azerbaijan. To prevent the movement of the 
population in order to draw attention in another direction 
empire had used Ethnic genocide. From the 6 th of 
February until the 9 th of February 1905 thousands of 
Azerbaijanis were killed by Armenians. Genocide had done 
other places also. Pressure on the central government to 
strengthen the tsarist had changed in Caucasus manage 
system. On 26 February Caucasus governance restored. 
Vorontsov –Dashkov appointed heir of this governance. In 
1905 in Azerbaijan revolution movement strongered again.
On August 1905 in Baku decided to hold a general 
strike. On 16 august the strike is started. On 16-21 August 
in Susha, on 20-26 August in Baku again organized a new 
strike. Against strikes attacked troops. Thousands people 
were deported from Baku. On 25 November 1905 has been 
established Baku Soviet of Workers' Deputies. But, Baku 
Soviet was not a long-lived. On 23 February 1906 their 
activity was stopped. By order of the governor of Baku all 
the members of Soviet were arrested. The period of 
revolution Illegal movement was active. Prominent leaders 
of movement were: Kachak Kerem, Deli Ali, Mashadi 
Yusuf, Mashadi Gadir, Gandal Nagi, Kachak Zahid. They 

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became a symbol of the people's struggle. The government's 
implementation of the policy of national slaughter 
Dashnaksutun party and Armenian bandits’ were a decisive 
role. Only between 1905-1906 years by Armenians bandits 
and terrorists against Muslims were registered 500 criminal 
incidents. Armenian nationalists by bringing group 
volunteers from Osmanli empire and Iran could strengthen 
its ranks. Despite these Armenians were more loss and 
destruction. One of the main causes of these were courage 
and bravery of Azerbaijan youth. At battles legendary 
kachaks were active. 
In 1905 beginning of February armenians in Baku
preached how Muslims were cruel. On 25 November at the 
Jehri village where azerbaijanians and armenians lived 
together hapened horrible tragedy. Armenian murderers 
united with kazaks and killed several family then ruined all
the village. The result of the massacres which committed in 
Baku and Nakhchivan didnt satisfied Armenians. They 
wanted to revenge on Muslims in Yerevan and around 
areas. Therefore on 24 May armenians suddenly attaked 
and killed 11 people in the part where Azerbaijanians 
lived. For rescuing Irevan from Armenians genocide from 
Osmanli Empire’s and Irevan Muslims volunteers acted to 
Irevan. These volunteers gave a big loss to the enemy.
Inside the 1905 tragedies Shusha tragedy was very sad. 
The soldiers who were prevent the massacres in the districts 
they deliberately had kept in Shusha. The reason was that 
had used them at the genocide. The Armenians have done 
the preparations for the big fight and collected a lot troops. 
On 8 August happened the next sedition. In South 
Azerbaijani 17 workers who were engaged in repairing a 

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school have been killed by Armenians. On 16 August 
Armenians fired to Azerbaijanis. In the Russian army 15 
soldiers took guns and started to fighted side of murders. 
There were many Armenians came to Tbilisi for helping. 
Armenians attacks were prevented bravely. Hundreds of 
fighters’ robbers arrested. Hamida hanum Cavanshir 
promised to help provide any assistance to our army. These 
difficult days all over the country, especially from Baku 
were sent donated food and money to battle places. For 
instance H.Z.Tagiyev, M.Mukhtarov donated with food 
and money. But August defeat was not a good lesson for 
Armenians. They had to revenge bloodshed as decently. 
The cavalry groups which came from the South Azerbaijan 
attacked immediately. At the bloody battles more than 200 
Armenians were killed.
On June 1906 in Shusha enemies again for commuting 
crimes collected a big group. Battle in five days our young 
people could overcome Russian Armenian united troops. 
So hard days Sultan bay pasha bay oglu Sultanov and 
İbrahim bay Ali Muhammad oglu entered the city with a 
several hundered groups United forces attacked. Everyone 
in the city participated into the battle. Their brave confu-
sed the Kazaks. The enemy was defeated ignominiously.
Compared to their neighbors in the South Caucasus in 
Azerbaijan national and social oppression was unbearable. 
In case of the neighboring countries had different charities, 
churches, and native language press, national schools were 
forbidden for our people. The Russian intelligentsia of the 
ideas of freedom was an echo in Azerbaijan. The nation's 
leading intellectuals was an awakening to progress on self-
consciousness. At the beginning of the XX century to send 

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talented young people around the world educational 
institutions gave positive results. These youth when 
graduated universities and after returning home played a 
great role in the creation and development of the national 
democratic movement. At the movement nationality, 
freedom and constitutional ideas were widespread.
As M.Rasulzadeh said people begun to believe that 
outside of Azerbaijan had not another independence. The 
works of the national intellectuals of that time appearances 
in the press was playing an important role in awakening the 
national awareness. Our national intellectual representati-
ves were I.Gaspirali, A.Huseynzadeh, A.Agayev, Yusuf 
Akchura, A.Ibrahimov, Ziya Goy Alp, A.Topchubashov, 
M.Rasulzadeh, A.Salikhov and others. The national 
movement was the main driving forces of bourgeoisie and 
democratic intellectuals. The progressive part of implemen-
tation demanded reforms more decisive to update of the 
existing structure. To carry out this important work was the 
responsibility of the national intelligent people.
In 1905 in the case of the Committee of Ministers the 
people were complaining situation and needs. These comp-
laints prepared under the leadership of Topchubashov. 
These complaints were the first program document which 
had introduced to the tsarist government by Azerbaijan. 
The national bourgeoisie of Azerbaijan as well as democra-
tic forces with Russia Muslims nations merged and tried to 
focus on the common goal. First of all they teamed up with 
members of the Muslim states of the Tatar national move-
ment bourgeoisie were led by leading. The representatives 
of Turkish countries bourgeoisie supported the struggle 
against the empire of the leading. One of the main initiators 

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of this study of Azerbaijan was a public statesman 
Topchubashov. To fight against colonial rule create a new