Dilgam ismailov

Muslim proprietors ownership rights in order to implement a 
new political line played an important role. 14 December 1846 
with the decree of tsar had been abolished Georgian-Emeriti 
and Khazar governorates. Instead of them here were 
established 4 governorates - Tbilisi, Kutais, Darband and 
Shamakhi governors. Guba district had kept inside Darband 
governorate. Yelizavetpol and Nakhchivan districts had been 
kept inside Tbilisi governorates. Jar-Balakan and Ilisu lands 
were established Jar Balakan community.
Shamakhi governorate consisted – Baku, Shamakhi, 
Nukha, Shusha and Lankaran areas. In 1849 was 
established Irevan governorate. Nakchivan and Ordubad 
districts also had been included here. Governorates had been 
managed by governors who were appointed by tsar. By decree 
of 25 April 1841 aghalars (lords) who were living Kazakh, 
Shamsaddil and Borchali areas had been deprived the land 
ownership and rights on the peasants, who cultivated these 
lands. By decree of 28 May 1841 the bays of Khazar 
province had to be confiscated. Also bays had been away from 
village administration. But it has been stopped after the 
execution of their issuance. 
Nikolai I by decree of 6 December 1846 signed a 
rescript about of rights bays and aghalars (lords). To giving 
soil to the higher group representatives of the Muslim 
proprietors were presented as the “mercy of monarch”. Lords 
and bays for this mercy had to serve in the army. The 
significance of rescript was that the higher Muslim proprietors 
gained the same reliance on land rights as Russian aristocratcs. 
In addition mulk (property), mulk-khalisa also tiyul 
(this was 
limited with the period of being in the service, not inherited 

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land, which was shared to the vassal as the part of rent-tax (by mo-
ney or nature), without owning these objects), 
as offically was dec-
lared the property of lords. This rescript had prevented lands of 
bays and lords to passing other representatives. This rescript land-
owner gave right establish rules of law among peasants and gaved 
them police right to carry out a method of management. By decree 
of 1846 citizen had gave to the farmhand, servant and elat (group of 
related people) common the name of the subordinate landlord.
According to 20 April 1847 rule bay peasants‘ of, on 28 
December rule aga peasants’ belonged. For each man was 
given 5 acres of land. Peasants instead of these were paid malce-
het (which amount consisted of 1/10 part of the harvest. Malcahat 
was paid especially with products and productions of agricultural 
industry - wheat, barley, rice, silk and etc.). Bay for use in pastures 
had been paid 
chopbashı tax. In addition, peasants 18 days have to 
do unpaid works (biyar). They would 2 days come to common 
works (imajlik). Also peasants could work except its owner with 
another one too. 1846-1847 laws can be appriciated as a joint 
struggle of the masses of peasants with higher classes. To exem-
ption of cattle-breeders land tax decreased levels of agriculture.