* Kegagalan Liga Bangsa – Bangsa Menjalankan Tugasnya
* Munculnya Politik Aliansi
* Kekacauan Bidang Ekonomi Menyebabkan Timbulnya Pemerintahan Diktaktor
* Munculnya Nasionalisme Berlebihan
* Munculnya Paham – Paham Baru
* Munculnya Politik Agresi Militer
* Jerman Tidak Mengakui Lagi Perjanjian Versailles
* Cita – Cita Jerman Membalas Kekalahan
pada Perang Dunia I
2. Sebab Khusus
2. Sebab Khusus
- Serangan Jerman atas Polandia tanggal 1 September 1939 mengawali pertempuran di front Eropa dan Afrika Utara
- Serangan Jepang terhadap pangkalan angkatan laut Amerika Serikat di Pearl Harbour, Hawai tanggal 7 Desember 1941 mengawali pertempuran di Front Pasifik
Tahun 1939
Tahun 1939
a. 1 September 1939 Jerman
menyerbu Polandia
b. 3 September Inggris dan Prancis mengumumkan perang kepada
Jerman
* Tahun 1940
* Tahun 1940
1) 9 April, pasukan
Jerman menyerbu
Denmark dan Norwegia
2) 10 Mei, Pasukan Jerman menyerbu Belgia dan Belanda
3) 10 Juni, Italia mengumumkan
3) 10 Juni, Italia mengumumkan
perang kepada Inggris dan
Prancis
4) 13 Juni, Paris jatuh ke tangan
Jerman, Prancis menyerah dan
daerahnya dibagi 2 yaitu
bagian utara dikuasai Jerman dan bagian selatan dikuasai
Jendral Henry Philippe Petain.
AL Prancis direbut Inggris
5) 22 Juni, Prancis menandatangani gencatan senjata dengan Jerman
5) 22 Juni, Prancis menandatangani gencatan senjata dengan Jerman
7) 27 September, Jerman, Italia dan Jepang bersatu dalam perjanjian 3 negara membentuk poros Roma-Berlin-Tokyo
Tahun 1941
Tahun 1941
i. Tentara Jerman menyerbu Balkan sampai ke Pulau Kreta. Rumania dan Bulgaria memihak Jerman. Tentara Italia dipukul mundur di Afrika bagian utara oleh Inggris. Tentara Jerman di bawah Erwin Rommel menyerbu Afrika
ii. 6 April, pasukan Jerman menyerang Yunani dan Yugoslavia
iii. 13 April, Rusia dan Jepang mengadakan perjanjian non-agresi
iv. 22 Juni, Jerman menyerang Uni Soviet, Jerman terpaksa mengurangi kekuatannya di front barat dalam menghadapi Sekutu. Oleh sebab itu, Inggris terbebas dari serangan AU Jerman dan menang dalam The Battle of Britain
v. 8 September, pasukan Jerman memblokade yang berlangsung sampai Januari 1944
vi. 7 Desember, Jepang menyerang Pearl Harbour, Hawaii ( awal perang Pasifik )
vi. 7 Desember, Jepang menyerang Pearl Harbour, Hawaii ( awal perang Pasifik )
Declaration of War Against Japan On December 8, 1941, the day after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt addressed a joint session of Congress and asked for a declaration of war against Japan. Roosevelt called December 7 “a date which will live in infamy.”
Declaration of War Against Japan On December 8, 1941, the day after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt addressed a joint session of Congress and asked for a declaration of war against Japan. Roosevelt called December 7 “a date which will live in infamy.”
War in Asia and the Pacific Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese forces compiled an impressive list of conquests in a remarkably short time. By May 1942 the Japanese stood with open avenues of attack to both India and Australia. However, three events in 1942 helped turn the tide of the war for the Allies. The Doolittle bombing raid on Tokyo in April unnerved Japanese officials who had believed the home islands were secure. Then, when they attempted to capture more islands to the south and east to prevent another such raid, the overextended Japanese naval forces were crushed by the U.S. Navy at the battles of Coral Sea and Midway in May and June of 1942. With their naval offensive capacity crippled, the Japanese were forced to adopt a more defensive posture, while the Allies had time to regroup and halt further Japanese expansion and to formulate the island-hopping strategy used to reconquer the Pacific.
Tahun 1942
Tahun 1942
15 Februari, Singapura jatuh ke tangan Jepang
26 – 28 Februari, armada laut Jepang mengalahkan kekuatan laut Sekutu dalam Pertempuran Laut Jawa
9 April, pasukan AS dan Filipina menyerah di semenanjung Bataan
18 April, armada udara AS membom Tokyo dalam Serangan Doolitle
4 – 8 Mei, armada laut Sekutu membendung serangan Jepang dalam Pertempuran Terumbu Karang
f) 4 – 6 Juni, pasukan Sekutu mengalahkan Jepang dalam Pertempuran Midway
f) 4 – 6 Juni, pasukan Sekutu mengalahkan Jepang dalam Pertempuran Midway
g) 7 Agustus, pasukan marinir AS mendarat di Guadalcanal
g) 7 Agustus, pasukan marinir AS mendarat di Guadalcanal
25 Agustus, Hitler memerintahkan pasukannya merebut Stalingrad
23 Oktober, pasukan Inggris menyerangkedudukan pasukan Sentral di El Alamein, Mesir
8 November, pasukan Sekutu mendarat di Aljazair dan Maroko
12 November, Jerman dipukul mundur dalam Pertempuran di el-Alamein di muka Alexandria oleh Jendral Montgomery
12 November, Jerman dipukul mundur dalam Pertempuran di el-Alamein di muka Alexandria oleh Jendral Montgomery
Tahun 1943
1) 2 Februari, pasukan Jerman menyerah di Stalingrad
2) 13 Mei, pasukan Sentral di Afrika Utara menyerah
3) 4 Juli, pasukan Jerman menyerang kota Kursk, Uni Soviet
4) 10 Juli, pasukan Sekutu menyerang Sicilia
4) 10 Juli, pasukan Sekutu menyerang Sicilia
5) 3 September, Italia menyerah kepada Sekutu
6) 9 September, Pasukan Sekutu
mendarat di Salerno, Italia
7) 20 November, pasukan AS menyerang Tarawa
Big Three, Tehrān, Iran Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, United States president Franklin D. Roosevelt, and British prime minister Winston Churchill, seated left to right, meet in Tehrān, Iran, in 1943 to discuss their military strategy and post-World War II policy for Europe. The leaders decided to invade France in 1944, against Churchill’s recommendations. The meeting marked the apex of the East-West wartime alliance. Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill, the leaders of the three major Allied powers, came to be known as the “Big Three.”
Big Three, Tehrān, Iran Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, United States president Franklin D. Roosevelt, and British prime minister Winston Churchill, seated left to right, meet in Tehrān, Iran, in 1943 to discuss their military strategy and post-World War II policy for Europe. The leaders decided to invade France in 1944, against Churchill’s recommendations. The meeting marked the apex of the East-West wartime alliance. Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill, the leaders of the three major Allied powers, came to be known as the “Big Three.”
Tahun 1944
Tahun 1944
1 Mei, Italia menyerah pada Sekutu yang dipimpin oleh Jenderal Eisenhower
6 Juni, pasukan Sekutu mendarat secara besar – besaran di Normandia, Prancis. Peristiwa itu terkenal dengan sebutan D-Day
General Dwight D. Eisenhower Promoted to four-star general, the U.S. Army’s highest rank at that time, General Dwight D. Eisenhower became supreme Allied commander in Europe and organized the largest sea-to-land invasion in history, dubbed “Operation Overlord.” The Allies crossed the English Channel and invaded the northern coast of occupied France.
General Dwight D. Eisenhower Promoted to four-star general, the U.S. Army’s highest rank at that time, General Dwight D. Eisenhower became supreme Allied commander in Europe and organized the largest sea-to-land invasion in history, dubbed “Operation Overlord.” The Allies crossed the English Channel and invaded the northern coast of occupied France.
D-Day Troops The United States First Army moves supplies inland from beaches code-named Utah and Omaha in northern France on June 6, 1944. D-Day, as General Dwight D. Eisenhower called it, surprised the Germans, who expected the invasion to come from farther north.
D-Day Troops The United States First Army moves supplies inland from beaches code-named Utah and Omaha in northern France on June 6, 1944. D-Day, as General Dwight D. Eisenhower called it, surprised the Germans, who expected the invasion to come from farther north.
g. 8 Agustus, Uni Soviet mengumumkan perang kepada Jepang
g. 8 Agustus, Uni Soviet mengumumkan perang kepada Jepang
h. 9 Agustus, bom atom dijatuhkan di Nagasaki
i. 14 Agustus, Jepang menyerah tanpa syarat
j. 2 September, Jepang menandatangani penyerahan di kapal perang U.S.S. Missouri di Teluk Tokyo
j. 2 September, Jepang menandatangani penyerahan di kapal perang U.S.S. Missouri di Teluk Tokyo
Allied Leaders at Yalta In February 1945 the leaders of the Allied powers, known as the Big Three, met at Yalta on the Crimean Peninsula to discuss Allied military strategy in the final months of World War II. The leaders included British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, left, American President Franklin Roosevelt, center, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin, right.
Allied Leaders at Yalta In February 1945 the leaders of the Allied powers, known as the Big Three, met at Yalta on the Crimean Peninsula to discuss Allied military strategy in the final months of World War II. The leaders included British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, left, American President Franklin Roosevelt, center, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin, right.
Konferensi Postdam ( 2 Agustus 1945 )
Perjanjian Perdamaian Sekutu dengan Jepang (1945) di Jepang
Perjanjian Perdamaian Sekutu dengan Jepang (1945) di Jepang
Perjanjian Perdamaian Sekutu dengan Italia (1945) di Paris
Perjanjian Perdamaian Sekutu dengan Austria (1945) di Austria
Perjanjian Perdamaian Sekutu dengan Hongaria, Bulgaria, Rumania, Finlandia (1945) di Paris
Sektor politik
Sektor ekonomi
Sektor sosial
Sektor kerohanian
7 DESEMBER 1941 JEPANG MENYERBU PANGKALAN MILITER AL AS.
7 DESEMBER 1941 JEPANG MENYERBU PANGKALAN MILITER AL AS.
BULAN JAN-PEB JEPANGMENDUDUKI PILIPHINA,TARAKAN,BALIKPAPAN,PONTIANAK DAN SAMARINDA.
BULAN PEBRUARI 1942JEPANG MENGUASAI PALEMBANG,
1 MARET 1942 JEPANG MENDARAT DI JAWA( TELUK BANTEN DI ERETAN JABAR DAN KRAGAN JATIM
