Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development: Guidelines and Methodologies International Atomic Energy Agency United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs International Energy Agency Eurostat European Environment Agency

REFERENCES 
• Eurostat, 1980–1997. Energy Prices. Luxembourg: Eurostat. 
• Eurostat, 1990–1997. Electricity Prices. Luxembourg: Eurostat. 
• Eurostat, 2001. The Social Situation in the European Union 2001. Brussels, 
Belgium: European Commission (DC Employment and Social Affairs). 
• IEA, various editions. Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries. Paris, 
France: International Energy Agency. 

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• IEA, various editions. Energy Balances of OECD Countries. Paris, France: 
International Energy Agency. 
• IEA, various editions. Energy Prices and Taxes. Published quarterly. Paris, 
France: International Energy Agency. 
• IEA, various editions. Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries. Paris, 
France: International Energy Agency. 
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International Energy Agency. 
• Schipper, L., Ketoff, A., Kahane, A., 1985. Estimating residential energy use 
from bottom-up, international comparisons. Ann. Rev. Energy 10. Palo Alto 
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• UNICEF. MICS Household Surveys. New York, USA: United Nations 
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SOC3: Household energy use for each income group and corresponding 
fuel mix 
Brief Definition 
Energy use of representative households for each 
income group and the corresponding fuel mix
Household incomes divided into quintiles (20%) 
Units 
Energy: tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) per year per 
household 
Electricity: kilowatt-hours (kWh) per year and per 
household. Percentage for fuel mix