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Given the extraordinary diversity of life
on Earth, mechanisms for speciation (the formation of two
species from one original species) must exist. Darwin imagined this process as a branching event and
depicted it in the only illustration in On the Origin of Species (Figure 62). The extraordinary
diversity of life
on Earth necessitates the existence of mechanisms for speciation, or the separation of two species from a
single original species. The only illustration of this process in On the Origin
of Species was created by
Darwin, who saw it as a branching event. Geographic separation of populations from a parent species and
subsequent evolution is known as allopatric speciation, or speciation in "other homelands." Sympatric
speciation, also known as speciation in the "same
homeland," is when a parent species remains in one place
and undergoes speciation within it.
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