Faculty pedagogy and psychology practical psychology

FERGANA STATE UNIVERSITY
FACULTY PEDAGOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY


PRACTICAL PSYCHOLOGY


THEME : The Sights of Uzbekistan .


GROUP : 19 . 26
NAME : Kamronbek
SURNAME : Turdaliyev
Fergana - 2020
THEME : The Sights of Uzbekistan .


Plan :


1 . Sights of Uzbekistan
2 . Natural sights of Uzbekistan
3 . Historical city of Uzbekistan

Sights of Uzbekistan


Uzbekistan is one of the world tourism centers. Millions tourists from the world come to get acquainted with our cultural and natural sights. Four objects of Uzbekistan (historical centers of Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva and Shakhrisabz) included into the UNESCO list of world heritage masterpieces.
Sights of other towns and cities in Uzbekistan are no less interesting.
Natural sights of Uzbekistan are presented by lakes, waterfalls, canyons, mountain peaks, nature reserves, national nature parks in Tien Shan and Hissar- Alai mountains, also Kyzyl Kum and Kara Kum deserts.
Uzbekistan – The Strangers from West & East meet here. Uzbekistan is the most populated country among all the other Central Asian Republics. Today Uzbekistan with its numerous ancient monuments, rich culture, history & nature is the most popular tourist destination than the other countries in region. Uzbekistan is located on the crossroads of Great Silk Road therefore hospitality became a nature of Uzbek people. You can enter any house without invitation and always get warm welcome; this sort of hospitality is rather not available in other parts of the world. Although the country is developing and becoming more modern but people strictly follow their traditions, greet each other with “Assalomu Alaykum” (God bless you!), host any stranger a cup of tea with dry fruits by saying “Welcome”. Exclusive atmosphere of mixed medieval and modern life surrounds visitors of Uzbekistan. One may rest in the shadow of big platan trees enjoying a peculiar smell of spices and herbs, viewing children playing in streets and elderly people resting at traditional tea-houses…and at the same time witnessed a modern city life with numerous cars on the wide streets, big streams of somewhere hurrying people and developing infrastructure. In Uzbekistan traveler should visit a traditional bazaar with abundant of fruits and vegetables, strong smell of spices and amazingly hospitable & friendly people of different races. The markets are full of unique pottery, silk, woodcarving and ceramics work pieces. From the remotest ages traditional crafts like woodcarving, ceramics, suzanne have been a foremost art. Uzbek famous fabric “Khan Atlas” is beautifully presented with nice hand skill everywhere. Tashkent Tashkent is the capital city of Uzbekistan and an important transport hub in the heart of Central Asia, with over 3 million people and massive modern infrastructure. Tashkent The capital of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, is Central Asia’s largest town.
First known mentioning of the area of contemporary Tashkent came from ancient Chinese chronicles of the beginning of our era. The area called as "Yuni" was part of a big amorphous confederation of semi-nomadic tribes of Sakas and Ussunies called "Khanguy" of "Kangha". Local population of that time was speaking a dialect of eastern Iranian language and called their land as "Chach". In the 6th-7th centuries AD Chach was part of amorphous Turkic Khanate. Its population was bilingual – Turkic and Iranian (Sogdian dialect) speaking. Later, at the Arabic times (since early 8th c. AD) the city’s name transformed into "Shash".
In the works of Arabic geographers of 10th-11th centuries the town is already mentioned as "Binkat" and under is contemporary name - "Tashkent" (by Beruni). Today Tashkent is a megapolis with its population in excess of 3 million. After destructive April’s earthquake of 1966, the city was rebuilt anew to become one of the most modern, well-planned and well-organised administrative, cultural and industrial centres of Central Asia.
Architectural style of Tashkent bears distinct features of Uzbek national colouring where ultramodern high-rise buildings harmoniously match with medieval monuments and city’s multiple canals, green parks and fountains. Tashkent plays an important role as international air gate to Central Asia. All possible aircraft arriving from 42 cities of the world land at the Tashkent International Airport. Annually, dozens of international congresses, conferences, festivals and athletic contests take place in Tashkent. A good dozen of museums and art-galleries, the Opera House, multiple concert halls, cafes and restaurants, sport- and night clubs and other venues (like world’s 10th tallest TV tower and the Expo Centre nearby) provide tourists and guests of the city variety of choices where to enjoyably spend their time at. Tashkent is proud to have Central Asia’s largest Aqua Park, a zoo, a botanical gardens and an Uzbekistan’s only golf-club. The Independence Square (originally laid out in the second half of the 19th century as Cathedral Square, then after Great October Revolution renamed into Lenin Square) lies in the town’s centre. It is there where the Monument of Independence and the Arc of Good Hopes and Good Wishes symbolizing good will of independent Uzbekistan to develop itself in line with the rest of progressive humankind are located.
It is there in the Square where country’s main holiday – Independence Day (1st September) is celebrated. The Square in encircled by office buildings: Cabinet of Ministers, Senate (upper house of Parliament) as well as original fountains and a park where "eternal flame" is alight in memory of those who lost their lives for Freedom and Independence of their Motherland, who died in the fields of the Second World War of 1941 - 1945 and other hostilities.
Nearby the Square is a peculiar palace built of burnt bricks by Grand Duke of Russia Nicolas Romanov, uncle of the Russia’s last Tsar at the end of the 19th century.
Drawn in the century’s old plane and oak trees, the Amir Timur Square laid out by Russian sappers back in 1870s lies just at the end of the former Cathedral Street (today colloquially known as "Broadway") and, since 1996 houses a mounted statue of Amir Timur (also known as Tamerlane) - a great general and statesman of Mavarounnahr of the 14th-15th centuries.
Also drawing attention of tourists are largest in the Central Asia active Roman Catholic Cathedral (beginning 20th c.), the Uzbekistan State Museum of History of Timurids (dynasty of Tamerlane’s), the Uzbekistan State Museum of History and the State Museum of Fine Arts of Uzbekistan

Old town of Tashkent is located 4-5km northwest of contemporary downtown. Their a traveller can see Kukelidash madrasah (XVI - XIXcc), recently renewed Hazret-Imam architectural complex comprising Kaffal Shashi Mausoleum (12th-16thcc), Barakhan Madrasah (16th c), Namazgoh mosque (19th-20th cc), Tilla Sheikh Mosque (19th-20th cc) and a new built Office of the Muslim Board of Uzbekistan flanked by two majestic minarets over 30m tall.
All the buildings are surrounded by old town’s living quarters with their old-time mud-brick houses and narrow streets. The library of the Tilla Sheikh Mosque is renowned for its priceless manuscripts, of which most distinguished and valuable one is 1300-year’s old Koran hand-written on the velum in the second half of the 7th c AD by behest of the Caliph Othman.
The Friendship of People Square is a modern architectural ensemble built in 1982 comprising the Friendship of People Palace (4000-seat concert hall), the building of the Oliy Majlis (low house of Parliament), the National Alisher Navoi Park with artificial lake, monument of Alisher Navoi and the Abdulkasim-Sheik madrasah (XIXc.).
The Museum of Applied Arts exhibiting more than four thousand pieces of traditional Uzbek ceramics, carpets, wood carving, jewellery, metal chasing, items of clothing and embroidery is organised in the former residential house of Russian diplomat of the XIX century someone Polovtsev. Astonishing interior decoration of the building’s is done in traditional Uzbek open-work wooden, alabaster carving and frescos.
80 kilometres northeast from Tashkent in the mountains of South-West Tian Shan the Ugahm-Chatkal National Nature Park lies to provide Tashkent townsfolk and guests of the city multiple opportunities for outdoor activities – mountain skiing at Chimgan and Belidersay ski resort, trekking and mountaineering.
Multiple tourist complexes, hotels, sanatoriums and beaches have been organised ashore of alpine Charvak Reservoir.
The reservoir provides good conditions for water-surface activities – windsurfing, water biking, scootering, sailboating alike – as well as mountain trekking, rock climbing, mountaineering, paragliding and equestrian tourism.
Winter there makes the mountains a paradise for leisure skiers, free-riders and heli-skiers. A big advantage of the area is that skiing season begins at the end of December and lasts till end of March. A number of elite cottage-like hotels offer high-class services to VIP guests.
Tashkent is the political, business, scientific, and cultural center of Uzbekistan, and it aspires to rank one of the most beautiful cities in Central Asia. It is a city of straight and wide avenues, vast parks, beautiful squares, colorful bazars and busy ambience you would expect from a modern city. But at the same time it remains to be an oriental city. Tashkent has its own unique flavor. Medieval buildings though descended from the pages of old Oriental tales, the elegant European architecture from the time of the Turkestan governor-generalship, standard concrete "boxes" of the Soviet era and, finally, the glittering skyscrapers of glass and concrete (modern business centers and banks) elegantly combine here. Samarkand Samarkand, one of the ancient cities in the world, contemporary of Rome, Athens and Babylon, recently celebrated it's 2750 year anniversary. It has been called "The Radiant Point of Globe", "The Jewel of Islam", and "The Mirror of the World", among others, since earliest times. "A traveler who approaches the city sees not only a mountainous height of trees and the houses embowered among them remain invisible" wrote Spanish envoy Rui Gonzales de Claviho who visited Samarkand in 1404. In the 14th century Samarkand flourished, first as the capital of The Great Tamerlane, then as the glorious cultural and scientific center of the medieval East under the rule of Ulugbek, Tamerlane's grandson. Now Samarkand is a place where the unique spirit of the antiquity is carefully preserved. The legendary Registan Square is a pearl of Samarkand and it is considered the main architectural sight in all over Central Asia. Since ancient times this square was the trade and center of Samarkand and traders from the East & West. Samarkand’s importance to the history and culture mankind is now being recognized by UN, UNESCO and WTO, which are helping to promote tourism to the region. The mazar of great Muslim scholar Hazrat Imam Al -Bukhariy is worth visiting. Registan Square Shakhrisabz Shakhrisabz, the birthplace of Tamerlane, 160 km from Samarkand, is located in a small valley, surrounded by the foothills of the Pamir Mountains. Here the lord was born and grew up, here his father Amir Taragai and spiritual advisor Shamseddin Kulol, as well as his eldest sons Jakhongir and Omar Sheikh were buried. He always remembered and paid all his possible attention to his small hometown. Among the architectural monuments of Timurids’ time there are the remains of the massive portal of the Ak Saray Palace, Dorul Saodat and Dorut Tilovat Complexes. Shakhrisabz is a traditional centre of folk art and is renowned for its distinctive embroidery style. Always an important stop on the path of the Great Silk Road that led south to the sea, Shakhrisabz is today a popular one or a day trip from Samarkand or a detour on the way to Bukhara. Bukhara Bukhara is the ancient and fairy-tale town. It is a land of magical lamps, the beauty of the spirit, the birthplace of Imam Al Bukhariy, the great Islamic scholar, the most honorable person in Islamic history after the prophet Muhmmad (PBUH). The mazar of Imam Bahauddin Naqshbandi, where thousands of local pilgrims pay tribute every day. Throughout the centuries, Caravans of ancient Great Silk Road never missed this town. Bukhara was the center of knowledge and great scholars from over the Islamic world had learnt the knowledge from famous madrassas of Bukhara. Bukhara has more than 300 historical sights: fortresses, Islamic schools – madrassahs, mosques, caravan sarays and trade domes. Dating back to 10-12th centuries, the monuments of – Kalyan Minaret, Samanids mausoleum survived the hardships of centuries and still admire visitors. The city is alive with friendly people who are busy with their daily routine. The workshops of blacksmith, shoemakers, carpet and silk weavers, trade domes are always busy. Bukhara with the narrow, twisting streets of its old quarter is full of architectural gems. One can wander along these streets, feel the smell of newly baked local breads in tandoors (clay oven), see children playing hide-and-seek, enjoy the scenery of sunset, whereas young women watering the ground, after sweeping and in the evening a family having their dinner in Tapchans (platform with special local mattresses) in the open air. This is the life of local people of Bukhara and one can enjoy for a short time by visiting this peerless city of Bukhara. Poi Kalyan complex with Kalyan mosque Khiva Khiva is ancient Chorasmia and later known as Khwarizm and Khorezm. It was built by Khan of Khorezm and it is still wellpreserved and living city. Most of the historical buildings are in excellent condition of its architecture, Khiva gives an excellent idea of what other cities of Central Asia may have been like before. Khorezm has a very long and interesting history. It is a cradle of three civilizations formed in Uzbekistan. Khiva is usually called city-museum under the open sky with its beautiful minarets and madrassahs. It is one of the remote cities of Uzbekistan. Once upon a time Zoroastrian religion was flourished here and worshiped for centuries. Some historians say that Zoroastrian was born in Khiva and exported to Iran. Khiva is split into two parts. The outer town, called Dichan Kala, was formerly protected by a wall with 11 gates. The inner town, or Ichan-Qala, is encircled by brick walls, whose foundations are believed to have been laid in the 10th century. Present-day crenellated walls date back to the late 17th century and attain the height of 10 meters. Ichan-Qala was the first site in Uzbekistan to be inscribed in the World Heritage List (1991). Ecological & Adventure Tourism The exotic nature of Uzbekistan with its surprising contrasts, variety of flora and fauna, plenty of sunny days in a year and favorable climate attracts numerous numbers of ecological tourism. Now there are ten natural preserves in Uzbekistan, which accommodate a variety of unique landscapes from velvet sand to flowering oasis. Kizilkum desert (The Red Sand), the mysterious plateau Ustyurt, the mountains of the Pamir-Alay and Tien Shan reaching heights of more than 4500 meters. Yurt camp Chimgan Mountains near Tashkent (80 km) is the most famous place for adventurous holidays for the local people, the area geographically belongs to the South-western Tien Shan Mountain range. Chimgan is a vast expanse for skiers, alpinists and trekking fans. Another interesting place for the adventurous holiday is the Nurata mountain range. Though not very high at 1500-2000m above sea level, in the spring it is a wonderful place for trekking, riding and biking. Besides, this place is interesting for rural tourism. General information: Official name: Uzbekiston Respublikasi (Republic of Uzbekistan) Area: 447,400 square km Population: 31.5 million Ethnic mix: 80% Uzbek, 5% Russian, 5% Tajik, 3% Kazakh, 2% Tatar, 2% Karakalpak, 1% Kyrgyz, 1% Korean, and 1% others. Capital: Tashkent Religion: Islam - 88%, Christian - 9% Language: Official – Uzbek; Widely Used – Russian, Tadjik, Karakalpak Language Uzbek is official language (Turkic group of languages). Russian is also commonly spoken. It is possible to meet people who can speak English, German or French but not very common. Customs Every foreign traveler is required to fill two custom declaration forms, the foreign currency and other valuable need to mention. These forms are available in arrival hall at the airport, in case the operating airline does not provide. The custom officer will keep one filled form and second copy will return to the traveler with official seal and signature. On departure, you need to fill one new form and present to custom officer along with previous one. Please keep safely this custom declaration form as you cannot take any currency out of country in case you lost it. Law of Uzbekistan does not permit to export any item which is more than 50 years old or have cultural significance. The duty free allowances, please visit official website: http://www.taxfreetravel.com/uzbekistan-duty-free-allowances Health Uzbek people love to keep clean the country; you will never see any garbage along the roadside or in the streets. But tourists mostly complaint about the stomach upset which could be due to any reason. Therefore always keep “emergency kit” although the medicines are available without prescription of doctor. Please drink bottled mineral water during your stay or drink tea / coffee. Weather Uzbekistan has a sharp continental, dry climate. It is generally hot in summer, rather cold in winter, and mild climate in spring and autumn. Temperatures in winter may decrease up to -15°C ~ 20°C. During summer temperature can reach 45°C. Humidity is low. Spring (mid March to June) and autumn (September through mid November) are generally the most pleasant times to travel. Averagely around 300 days are sunny in Uzbekistan. The weather is mild and in April the desert blooms briefly. In autumn it is harvest time, and the markets are full of fresh fruit.
Use literatures :
1 . Historical city of Uzbekistan .
2 . www.uza.uz
3 . www.travellife.uz