Hard alloy. In primary recrystallization, that is, in the first stage of
recrystallization, a new center (grain) is formed in which the elementary crystal cell is
perfect. This center exists at the site of greatest distortion (that is, the greatest internal
stress) as a result of plastic deformation, and then this center grows due to the transfer
of atoms from the adjacent deformed section. During reheating of deformed metal, the
internal stresses in the old grain are reduced and not restored, but a new grain is formed
instead. Therefore, the size and arrangement of the new grains are unstable from the
size and arrangement of the old grains. Primary crystallization is characterized by the
formation of new grains arranged in a new order.
The formation of new grains and the unstable reduction of the dislocation density
lead to a reduction of the internal stresses accumulated in the metal.
If sufficiently deformed metals have thermal purity, recrystallization begins
at 0.4
T found
(according to the rule of a. A. Botsvar). If the metal is very pure, the
recrystallization can start down to (0.1-0.2) T
er .
For metal hard alloys, it can rise up to
(0.5-0.6) T
er
.
In order to fully heat the metal , it is necessary to heat it to a much higher
temperature. This process of recrystallization is called recrystallization annealing .
After primary recrystallization is complete, if we continue to heat, small newly formed
grains will grow at the expense of old grains. Such a process is called aggregate
recrystallization. The main reason for the growth of grains should be considered to be
the reduction of the energy of a very large deformed surface.
Metallari plastic deformation can be done by cooling and heating. It depends on
the heating temperature. If the heating temperature for deformation is lower than the
recrystallization temperature, it is called cold plastic deformation, and if it is large, it
is called hot plastic deformation.