72
These steels are plastic, satisfactorily sheared when cold, is welded.
Martensitic steels
Martensitic steels are designed for details operating at 450-600ºС. Compared to
pearlite steel, it has a higher resistance to oxidation in the environment of steam and
combustion gases. Heat resistance is also high.
These steels are divided into two groups:
1) Contains 10-12% chromium, additives Mo, V, Nb, W; low carbon 0.10-0.15%
2) Silchromes contain 5-10% chromium, additional silicon in the amount of 2-
3%, the amount of carbon is more, 0.4% up to
Steels of the first group are used in thermal treatment: heating up to 950-1100ºС
or normalizing; Release at 600-740ºС. Due to high alloy steel, the thickness is quite
large (120-200mm). Therefore, it is used for details with a large cross-section: steam
pipes, vanes, rotors, pipes etc
Steels of the second group, silchromes, have a much higher heat resistance. That
is why details working in hot boiling environments (processed gases) are made: valves
of internal combustion engines.
Welding and cutting are more difficult.
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