FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE: The lady with the lamp
Florence Nightingale was a pioneer in the field of nursing. She 1 … the profession of nursing and reformed sanitary practices in hospitals. These great achievements are more amazing 2 … you consider that most Victorian women could not 3 … university or pursue a professional career.
She was born in Italy in 1820 and was named after her 4 … She was the daughter of a wealthy landowner, William Nightingale, a well-educated man who believed that all people should receive an education, and both Florence and her sister Parthenope were 5 … Greek, Latin, German, History, Philosophy and Mathematics.
6 …the age of 25 Florence had already 7 … up her mind to follow a career in nursing. Her parents were totally 8 … to this, but Florence’s devotion and determination 9 … to convince them and she 10 … got her father’s permission to train as a nurse.
In 1854, Britain, France and Turkey were at war with Russia. The public were 11 … by reports of the disgraceful conditions that the sick and wounded British soldiers 12 … to endure. Florence decided to help, and immediately went to Turkey, in 13 … of a group of 38 nurses, to work in military hospitals, where conditions were appalling. The soldiers were filthy, there sere lots of rats and fleas, and supplies were limited.
Initially, she received very 14 …help from military officers and doctors. However, her assistance was greatly 15 … and they soon changed their 16 … Florence quickly managed to organise the hospital, improve sanitation and 17 … increase the survival rate of her patients. Every soldier she 18 … for respected and admired her.
In 1856, Florence returned to England 19 … a national heroine. She was 20 … as “the lady with the lamp”, a name the soldiers gave her because of the way she watched over them in hospital at night.