16
SHALL
1.
Shall 1-shaxs birlik va ko‘plikda kelasi
zamondagi ish-harakatni
ifodalaydi:
I
shall be free tonight.
Men bu oqshom bo‘sh bo‘laman.
Shall I
see you tomorrow?
Sizni ertaga ko‘ramanmi?
We
shall not have an
English les-
son tomorrow.
Bizda ertaga ingliz tili darsi yo‘q.
Izoh: AQSHda birinchi shaxsda
shall o‘rnida
will ishlatiladi, hozir Angliyada ham shunga
moyillik bor.
2.
Shall 1-shaxsda so‘roq gaplarda
farmoyish, buyruq, ko‘rsatma olish
maqsadida ishlatiladi:
Shall I
close the window?
Derazani yopaymi?
Where
shall we
wait for you?
Sizni qayerda kutaylik?
3.
Shall 2 va 3-shaxs birlik va ko‘plikda
ishlatilib, modal ma’noga ega
bo‘ladi va
va’dani, buyruqni, po‘pisani, ogohlantirishni bildiradi:
Tell her that she
shall have the
books tomorrow.
Unga ayting, kitoblarni ertaga ola di.
You
shan’t have any cause for
complaint.
Sizda shikoyat qilishga hech qan-
day asos yo‘q.
You
shall write your
exercises at
once.
Siz mashqlaringizni darhol yo-
zing.
They
shall regret it if they do it.
Agar shunday qilishsa, ular
afsusla nishadi.
4.
Javobida
shall ishlatish mumkin bo‘lgan so‘roq gaplarda 2-shaxs bilan
shall ishlatiladi. Hozir
will shallni siqib chiqarmoqda:
Shall (will) you
be eighteen or
nineteen tomorrow?
— I
shall be nineteen.
Ertaga o‘n sakkizga kirasizmi
yoki o‘n to‘qqizga?
— O‘n to‘qqizga.
Shall (will) you
have an English
or French lesson on Friday?
— We
shall have an English les-
son.
Juma kuni sizda ingliz tili darsi
bo‘ladimi yoki fransuz tili darsimi?
— Bizda ingliz tili darsi bo‘ladi.
5.
Shall 3-shaxs birlik va ko‘plikda so‘roq gaplarda ishlatiladi va
modallashib 3-shaxs uchun
farmoyish yoki
ko‘rsatma olish maqsadida
ishlatiladi:
When
shall they
come?
Ular qachon kelishsin?
Shall he
wait for you at the hotel?
U sizni mehmonxonada kutsinmi?
17
SHOULD
1.
Should (shallning o‘tgan zamoni
) Infi nitiv bilan birga kelib o‘tgan
zamondagi kelasi zamonni (
Future in the Past) ni yasashda yordamchi fe’l
bo‘lib keladi va ba’zi hollarda modal ma’nosida ham keladi.
2.
Should bosh gapdagi ish-harakat o‘tgan zamonda bo‘lganda, er-
gash gapdagi kelasi zamonda kelgan ish-harakatni ifodalash uchun ish-
latiladi.
3.
Should 1-shaxs birlik va ko‘plikda faqat yordamchi fe’l bo‘lib ke-
ladi:
I said I
should be glad to see
him.
Men uni ko‘rishdan xursand bo‘li-
shimni aytdim.
I said that we
should have a me-
eting on Monday.
Men dushanba kuni bizda yig‘ilish
bo‘lishini aytdim.
4.
Should 2 va 3-shaxs birlik va ko‘plikda
ishlatilib va’dani, tahdidni,
po‘pisani, buyruqni va
boshqalarni ifodalaydi:
He said that Tom
should have the
books in a few days.
U Tom kitobni bir necha kundan
keyin olishini aytdi.
5.
Should 1 va 3-shaxs birlik va ko‘plikda bosh gapidagi ish-hara-
kat o‘tgan zamonda bo‘lgan o‘zlashtirma gaplarda
ishlatiladi va modal
ma’noga ega bo‘lib suhbatdoshdan
buyruq, topshiriq olishni bildirib za-
ruratni ifodalaydi:
I asked him where I
should wait
for him.
Men undan uni qayerda kutishim
kerakligini so‘radim.
I asked Nancy whether Tom
sho-
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