Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) filter placement is a type of percutaneous endovascular intervention for venous thromboembolic disease, and is usually performed by an interventional radiologist. Venous access is via the right internal jugular or right femoral veins. The best placement location for the IVC filter to prevent lower extremity and pelvic VTE is just inferior to the renal veins.98 Table 12 lists the indications and contraindications for IVC filter placement. In general, IVC filters are used to prevent PE in patients who are thought to be at high risk for LE DVT or PE, have contraindications to anticoagulants, or for whom medications have not been effective. Findings are mixed regarding the effectiveness of IVC filters in preventing PE and there are risks associated with IVC filter placement (Refer to Table 13). Following placement of an IVC filter, the patient should be mobilized once the patient is hemodynamically stable and there is no bleeding at the puncture site.98 Physical therapists should monitor ambulation and mobility to ensure patient safety and to determine the appropriate level of required assistance prior to the patient being discharged.98
