IVUS is helpful in monitoring the treatment. Because many of the intraluminal pathological states are only clearly detectable by IVUS, assessment of the post-angioplasty state is best done by IVUS. Incomplete opening of immobile valves and incomplete disruptions of webs and septum are readily detected by IVUS.
The major complications of treatment of CCSVI are procedural injuries such as lacerations, valvular avulsions, and dissections. They may be difficult to differentiate on venography alone but are easily differentiated on IVUS. Further post-procedural stenosis caused by intimal hyperplasia and in-stent stenosis can be detected and quantified.
Summary
Intravascular ultrasound is an essential imaging modality that facilitates detection of the intraluminal pathology associated with CCSVI, including valve abnormalities, webs and septum. It facilitates differentiation of a variety of stenotic lesions. IVUS allows precision in sizing angioplasty balloons and is an excellent method of judging treatment results and complications. It should be considered part of the standard of care.
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