Life
Historical and Cultural Background
London dock strike.
Robert Browning dies.
William Booth,
Life and Labour of the
People in London
(exhaustive documentary
account) starts publication
G. B. Shaw,
Fabian Essays on Socialism
Ibsen,
A Doll’s House staged in London
Gissing,
The Nether World
Decline of the circulating libraries and the
death of the three-volume novel. William
Morris founds the Kelmscott Press.
Housing of the Working Classes Act.
Oscar Wilde,
The Picture of Dorian Gray
Ibsen,
Hedda Gabler
Tess of the d’Urbervilles
(previously serialized in
censored form in
The Graphic)
published in volume form. It
simultaneously enhances his
reputation
as a novelist and
causes a scandal because of its
advanced views on sexual
conduct.
A Group of Noble
Dames
(tales) also published.
Hardy’s father, Thomas, dies.
Serialized version of
The
Well-Beloved
, entitled
The
Pursuit of the Well-Beloved
,
published in the
Illustrated
London News
. Hardy’s
estrangement from Emma
increases.
Death of Alfred Tennyson.
Wilde,
Lady Windermere’s Fan
Rudyard Kipling,
Barrack-Room Ballads
–
Our Exploits at West Poley,
a
long tale for boys, published
in an American periodical,
The Household
. Serial version
of
The Pursuit of the
Well-Beloved
––virtually a
di
fferent novel from the later
book version.
Meets Florence Henniker,
one of several society women
with
whom he had intense
friendships. Collaborates with
her on
The Spectre of the Real
(published
).
Keir Hardie sets up the Independent
Labour Party.
Wilde,
A Woman of No Importance
Chronology
xxxv
Life
Historical and Cultural Background
Life’s Little Ironies (tales).
Kipling,
The Jungle Book
Jude the Obscure appears in
volume form:
a savage attack
on marriage which worsens
relations with Emma.
Serialized previously
in
Harper’s New Monthly
Magazine
in bowdlerized
form. It receives both
eulogistic and vitriolic
reviews. The latter are a factor
in his ceasing to write novels.
Oscar Wilde jailed for homosexual
o
ffences; serves three years. The first
Bristol electric tramway.
Wilde,
The Importance of Being Earnest
H. G. Wells,
The Time-Machine
Locomotive on the Highways Act (car
speed maximum
m.p.h.). Death of
William Morris.
Wells,
The Island of Dr Moreau
– First collected edition: the
Wessex Novels (
volumes).
This includes the
first book
edition of
Jude the Obscure.
The Well-Beloved, a newly
rewritten
version of the
serial, added to the Wessex
Novels as volume XVII. From
now on he only publishes the
poetry he has been writing
since the
s.
Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee.
Existing su
ffrage organizations unite as
National Union of Women’s Su
ffrage
Societies.
Havelock Ellis,
Sexual Inversion
Wessex Poems and Other
Verses
. Hardy and Emma
continue to live at Max Gate
but are now estranged and
‘kept separate’.
Germany begins
the building of a large
battle
fleet. Britain responds by doing the
same. Wilde released from prison.
Wilde,
The Ballad of Reading Gaol
–
Boer War in South Africa over the
Transvaal gold mines; Britain crushes the
Boers.
Labour Representation Committee set up
to get Labour candidates into Parliament.
Wilde and Ruskin die.
Poems of the Past and the
Present
(post-dated
).
Victoria dies and is succeeded by Edward
VII.
Macmillan becomes his
publisher.
James,
The Wings of the Dove
First manned
flight by Wright brothers in
the USA. Motor Car Act raises speed limit
to
m.p.h.
James,
The Ambassadors
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