Lecture 1 Introduction

Grammar’s of English:

• 
  John Wallis, “Grammatica Lingæ Anglicanæ” (prescriptive/normative grammar);
  
• 
  Robert Lowth, “A Short Introduction to English Grammar” (Lowth distinguished 9 parts of speech; made consistent description of letters, syllables, words and sentences; rules of no-double negation (I don’t want no dinner – incorrect!) and no-double comparison (more better – incorrect!) appeared, etc.).
  

Dictionaries (18^th c.):

• 
  E. Coles, “Dictionary of Hard Words” (gave explanations of hard words and phrases);
  
• 
  Samuel Johnson – one of the best-known English lexicographers. As well as J. Swift, he was a purist and believed that the English language should be purified and corrected. He was the first to compile a dictionary that resembles the present-day dictionaries. His “Dictionary of the English Language” is the finest example of his hard and productive work. The dictionary is organised as follows:
  

• 
  entry;
  
• 
  pronunciation;
  
• 
  definition;
  
• 
  illustrations (not self-invented examples but quotations from recognised authors that contain the word in question);
  
• 
  notes on usage of the word;
  
• 
  etymology of the word;
  
• 
  stylistic comments.
  

The dictionary also contained a grammatical section describing the grammatical structure of the language.

Lecture 10
Phonetic Features of Old English

OE sound system developed from PG sound system.

OE Word Stress/Accent:

1. 
   fixed (can’t move either in form- or word-building and is usually placed on root or prefix);
   
2.