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Borrowed words are adjusted in the three main areas of the new language system: the phonetic, the grammatical and the semantic.
The lasting nature of phonetic adaptation is best shown by comparing Norman French borrowings to later ones. The Norman borrowings have for a long time been fully adapted to the phonetic system of the English language: such words as table, plate, courage bear no phonetic traces of their French origin. Some of the later (Parisian) borrowings still sound surprisingly French: regime, valise (саквояж, чемодан), matinee, cafe, ballet. In this cases phonetic adaptation is not completed.
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