Literature of the United States
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Conclusion
Literature can play an important role in the formation of various forms of social identity, including national, ethnic, and religious identities. This often happens through a fixation, formal or informal, of literary tradition – in other words the establishment of a rule of literary works. In an attempt to illuminate this aspect of identity formation from an interdisciplinary perspective, we viewed above the story of working on literatures of different periods and geographical areas. Our aim was give the influence work from diverse subjects together in order to throw new light not only on the materials studied, but also on the types of questions asked and the perspectives applied we thing that it was done. The value of work was the cross-cultural comparison lies especially in its potential for revealing how our objects of study are created and conditioned through our own analyses. Not only is there much to learn about the different ways in which literature was used for purposes of identity formation, but also about the concepts of ‘literature’ and ideas of ‘identity’ that we bring to historical materials and the ways in which we go about our analyses. Also we viewed about the race concept and race discrimination we learnt that racism has been an integral part of the United States and it has different manifestations in treating the individuals, judging by their skin color, language, culture and ethnical backgrounds the facts which were showed on the literature of USA. At the beginning of our work we start with the words of famous philosopher «Everything has beginning and the end», and at the end of work wants to add that the literature hides history of country, which has story of events that country. BibliographyAaron D., The Unwritten War: American Writers and the Civil War (1973; rpt. New York: Oxford University Press, 1975), pp.1–38. Ahmed Shawki, «Black liberation and socialism in the United States,» International Socialism Journal47, June 1990. Allen, Paula Gunn., The Sacred Hoop: Recovering the Feminine in American Indian Traditions. Boston: Beacon Press, 1986 American Slavery: The Question of Resistance, ed. John H. Bracey et al. (Belmont, Calif: Wadsworth, 1971). An Outline of American Literature, Kathryn Van Spanckeren, 1994 Aptheker H., American Negro Slave Revolts (New York: International Publishers, 1952), Armstrong, Virginia Irving (1971). I Have Spoken: American History Through the Voices of the Indians. Pocket Books. p. 14. ISBN 080400530. SBN 671–78555–9. Babington, Charles (September 22, 2008). Retrieved January 16, 2010.» [A] new Associated Press-Yahoo News poll, conducted with Stanford University, shows. that a substantial portion of white Americans still harbor negative feelings toward blacks.» Baldwin, James Everybody’s Protest Novel, Beacon Press, Boston, 1984 Baldwin, James. Giovanni's Room; a Novel. New York: Dial, 1956. Print. Bell, Bernard W. The Afro-American Novel and Its Tradition. Amherst: University of Massachusets Press, 1987 Bruce E. Johansen (2006–11). The Native Peoples of North America.rutgers University Press ISBN 9780813538990 Retrieved June 28, 2009. Burns, LF. «Osage». Oklahoma Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Retrieved 2010–11–29. Colin G. Calloway «Native Americans First View Whites from the Shore,» American Heritage, Spring 2009. Deloria, V., Jr., (1997) Red Earth White Lies: Native Americans and The Myth of Scientific Fact. Dickason, Olive. Canada's First Nations: A History of the Founding Peoples from the Earliest Times.2nd edition. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1997. Dyke A.S. & Prest V.K. (1986). Late Wisconsinian and Holocene retreat of the Larentide ice sheet: Geological Survey of Canada Map 1702A Ehlers, J., and P.L. Gibbard, 2004a, Quaternary Glaciations: Extent and Chronology 2: Part II North America, Elsevier, Amsterdam. ISBN 0–444–51462–7 Frideres, J.S. (05/2010). Racism. The Canadian Encyclopedia Retrieved 2010–07–23. «Racism was developed and popularized by scientists in the 19th century, as they were regarded as purveyors of truth.» Guenter Lewy, «Were American Indians the Victims of Genocide?»], History News Network, 11–22–04 Hillerman, Anthony G. (1973). «The Hunt for the Lost American», inThe Great Taos Bank Robbery and Other Indian Country Affairs, University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 0–8263–0306–4. Holland Edwin, Slavery, Race and Revolution, p 157; Hongo, Garrett, The Open Boat: Poems from Asian America. New York: Anchor/Doubleday, 1993 Jewett, Tom (1996–2009). «Thomas Jefferson's Views Concerning Native Americans». Archiving America. Retrieved 2009–02–17. Kappler, Charles (1904). «Indian affairs: laws and treaties Vol. II, Treaties».government Printing Office. Retrieved 2008–04–16. Kevin Phillips, Wealth and Democracy (New York: Broadway Books, 2002), p. xv. Latest activity 50 minutes ago. « «The Wild Frontier: Atrocities During the American-Indian War»». Amazon.com. ASIN 0375503749 Mee, Charles L., Jr. The Genius of the People. New York: Harper & Row, 1987. p. 237 Ron Daniels, «Racism: Looking forward, looking back,» Race and Resistance, p. 12. Sharon Smith, «Twilight of the American Dream,» International Socialism Journal 54, Spring 1992. This is the best article to read to get a background on the transition from the upsurge of the 1960s into the downturn of the 1980s. The Norton Anthology of American Literature, Volumes C, D, E, Seventh edition, 2010 The Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History, 23 January 2003. Retrieved 9 August 2008. Tooker E (1990). «The United States Constitution and the Iroquois League». In Clifton JA. The Invented Indian: cultural fictions and government policies. New Brunswick, N.J., U.S. A: Transaction Publishers. pp.107–128. ISBN 1–56000–745–1. Retrieved 2010–11–24. Woods, Thomas E (2007). 33 questions about American history you're not supposed to ask. Crown Forum. p. 62. ISBN 9780307346681. Retrieved 2010–10–31. Беляеев А.А. Социальный американский роман 80 – годов и буржуазная критика. М. 1969. Брукс Ван Вик. Писатель и американская жизнь. М., 1967–1971. Венедиктова Т.Д. Поэзия Уолта Уитмена. М., 1982. Гиленсон Б.А. Американская литература 30-х годов XX века М., 1974 Гиленсон Б.А. Социалистическая традиция и литературе США. М., 1975 Зверев А.М. Американсикй роман 1920–30-х гг. М., 1982 Зверев А.М. Модернизм в литературе США. Формирование, эволюция, кризис. М., 1979 Злобин Г.П. Современная драмматургия США. М., 1968. Кашкин И.А. Для читателя-современника. Статья и исследования. М., 1968. Yüklə 271,94 Kb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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