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So‘nggi oxirgi fir’avn Tutmos I ning o‘g‘li Tutmos II kasalligi tufayii
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| Muxamedova M. Me\'morchilik asoslari
So‘nggi oxirgi fir’avn Tutmos I ning o‘g‘li Tutmos II kasalligi tufayii
yosh vafot etdi, uning merosxuri Tutmos П1 davlatni boshqarishga hali
go‘daklik qilardi.
Shuning uchun hokimiyat ayol qoMiga - qirolicha Xatshepsutga
o‘tdi. Bu ayol kuchli is’tedod egasi bo‘lgan. U mamlakatni osoiyshta
mohirlik bilan boshqargan.
Dayr-El-Baxradagi ajoyib qasming muallifi ham Senmutdir. Bu
oddiy Dayr-El-Baxrining shimoliy qismida, Mpentuxoteb yodgorligi
bilan yonma-yon quriigan boMib, unda ko‘p shakllar takrorlangan.
Xatshepsut obidasi Misr me’morchiligining muhim bosqichlaridan biri-
dir76. Bu bino me’morchiligining 0 ‘rta podsholik inshoatlaridan asosiy
farqi loyihalash va bezatish jihatdan ikki davr obidalarini o ‘zaro solish-
tirganda yorqin namoyon bo‘ladi. Metuxoteb ibodatxonasi kabi Xet-
pepsut ibodatxonasi ham uch terrasaga joylashgan77.
Amenofis 1П ning 36 yillik hukumronligi davrida san’at kuchsiz-
lanadi va birmuncha noziklashadi. Saroy me’morligini o‘rganishda
76
THE VISUAL ARTS: A HISTORY Hugh Honour, John Fleming. In memory o f John Calmaim Copyright ©I 982,
1991, 1995,2000 Fleming - Honour Ltd.Prentice Hall Inc.ADivison o f Person EducationUpper Saddle River, New
Jersey 07458p-199-200 P.98(The Hatshepsut’s temple is rich with its sculptured decoration. The dramatic design of
Queen Hatshepsut’s temple wasn’t repeated. But it was under the eighteenth dynasty that the ancient Egyptian temple
was given its definitive form- inward-looking and enclosed within tall forbidding perimeter walls, with a processional
sequence o f colonnaded courts and many-columned halls, creating an architecture o f inhuman, impersonal and still
daunting monumentaitty.)
77
Auguste Choisy. The World History of Architecture. London. 2009. Р-40 (Опост Шуази. Всеобщая история
архитектуры. ООО Издательство ЭКСМО 2009 китобининг рус тилидаги талюшндан фойдаяанялган).
(Hatshepsut's chancellor, royal architect Senenmut oversaw construction. Although the adjacent, earlier mortuary
temple of Mentuhotep was used as a model, the two structures are nevertheless significantly different in many ways.
Hatshepsut’s temple employs a lengthy, colonnaded terrace that deviates from the centralised structure of
Mentuhotep’s model - an anomaly that may be caused by the decentralized location of her burial chamber. There are
three layered terraces reaching 97 feet tall. Each story is articulated by a double colonnade o f square piers, with the
exception of the northwest corner o f the central terrace, which employs Proto Doric columns to house the cltapel.
These terraces are connected by long ramps which were once surrounded by gardens with foreign plants including
frankincense and myrrh trees. The layering of Hatshepsut's temple correspoads with the classical Thefeoa form,
employing pylons, courts, hypostvle hall, sun court, chapel andsanctuarv.)
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