lanadi. Doriy orderi asosan, Peloponnes va Buyuk Gretsiya ion orderi Ioniya deb nomlangan. Kichik Osiyo sohillarida ko‘proq ishlatilgan. Doriy orderida ishlangan ibodatxona yuqoriga kichrayib boruvchi uchta supacha tarzidagi tosh asos-stereobatga qurilgan. Ustunlar tagliksiz (bazasiz) boiib, ular tepaga torayib boruvchi shaklda ishlangan. Yuzasi esa tarnovchalar-kannelyuralar bilan pardoz- langan. Doriy ustuni bevosita stilobatga o‘matilgan. Ustunning tepa m History of Architecture A.D.F.Hamlin. A. M. Professor o f the history o f Architecture in the school of Architecture,
COLUMBIA UNI VERSIRY, 1998 SEVENTH EDITION.P.40-43(
"An Order in architecture is a certain assemblage o f parts subject to uniform established proportions, regulated by the office that each part has to perform". The Architectural Orders are the ancient styles n f classical artphitp*-tim» each distinguished by its
proportions and characteristic profiles and details, and most readily recognizable by the type of column employed.
Three ancient orders of architecture—the Doric. Ionic, and Corinthian—originated in Greece. To these the Romans
added, in practice if not in name; the Tuscan, which they made simpler than Doric, and the Composite, which was
more ornamental than the Corinthian. TheArcbitectural O rder of a classical building is akin to
the mode or kev of classical music, the grammar or rhetoric of a written composition, h is established by
certain
modules like the intervals o f music, and it raises certain expectations in an audience attuned to
its language.
Whereas the orders were essentiaHy structural in Greek architecture, which made little use o f the arch until its late
period, in Roman ardiitecture where the arch was often dominant, the orders became increasing^ decorative elements
except in porticos and similar uses. Columns shrank into half-columns emerging from walls or turned into pilasters
This treatment continued after the conscious and "correct” use of the orders, initially following exclusively Roman
models, returned in the Italian Renaissance. Greek Revival architecture, inspired by increasing knowledge o f Greek
originals, returned to more authentic models, including ones from relatively early periods)
