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Venice tide barrier
Flooding has been a part of Venice since ancient times. Between autumn and spring, the city is affected by bouts of periodic flooding known as aqua alta, or “high water”, caused by a combination of astronomical tides, seasonal rain and strong winds, that pushes flood tides into the Venetian lagoon from the Adriatic sea submerging the lowest parts of the city for three to four hours. During these periods, wooden benches are placed end to end to create temporary raised walkways, and business block their doorways until the waters subsides. Although the city has adapted to flooding remarkably well, their instances have become more frequent and more severe in the last few decades. Partly at blame are rising sea levels, but the city itself is sinking.
Venice has been sinking for centuries. The very foundation underneath her —the salt marsh, into which wooden pilings were driven to prop-up a maze of heavy marble palazzi and churches— is still compacting and settling. Tectonic forces are are also pushing the ground over which the city stands. The sinking was exacerbated in the 20th century when many artesian wells were sunk into the periphery of the lagoon to draw fresh water from underground aquifers. Over the last hundred years, Venice has sunk by 9 inches, and it continues to sink at a rate of 1-2mm per year.
In November 1966, after an exceptionally large flood submerged the city in six feet of water, the city authorities decided that the only way to safeguard the city at high tides was to build a tide barrier that could separate the city from the lagoon. As it happens, Venice already has a string of barrier islands as natural protection against flooding. But this barrier of sandbars is breached by three inlets, which are essential for water flow and shipping, but still leave the lagoon vulnerable to high tides.
In 2003, Venice started building a series of inflatable flood gates at the three lagoon inlets. When not in use, the gates remain horizontally on the seabed allowing ships to pass over, but when weather forecast predicts tides higher than the normal level, an automated control system pumps compressed air into the inflatable gates until they emerge out of the water. The rise of the flap gates temporarily isolates the lagoon from the sea, protecting the lagoon from high tides.
The project titled MOSE (MOdulo Sperimentale Elettromeccanico) is currently in its final phase of construction. When complete, the tide barrier is expected to protect the historic city from tides as high as 3 meters.
The Venice Tide Barrier is a project intended to protect the city of Venice, Italy, from tidal flooding of the Adriatic Sea. The project will consist of 78 giant steel panels across the three inlets that allow water to surge from the Adriatic into Venice’s lagoon.
MOSE (MOdulo Sperimentale Elettromeccanico or Experimental Electromechanical Module) is a system of underwater barriers placed at the Lido, Malamocco and Chioggia inlets designed to protect Venice from high tide by temporarily isolating the lagoon from the Adriatic Sea.
Under the Mose (Experimental Electromechanical Module) system, if there is a very high tide, compressed air enters the 78 sluice gates and empties them of water, so they rise up and block the tide entering the lagoon.
Venice’s long-delayed flood barrier has saved the city from high tides for a second time. The 78 mobile barriers of the Mose project were activated early on Thursday morning after forecasts that the tide would reach up to 135cm.
Venice in general doesn’t smell, even in the hottest of weather, as the water has enough movement to avoid being stagnant.
What is the best month to visit Venice Italy?
The best time to visit Venice is from September to November when tourists desert the city. Although the temperatures – which range from the upper 30s to mid-70s – necessitate some layers, the lowered hotel rates and the barren canals make it worth it.The effluent from the millions of tourists that visit the city goes straight into the canals and the shallow lagoon, sometimes causing a thick soup of algae and the smell of rotting vegetation.Although Venice is one of the biggest tourist destinations for those visiting Italy, some of the most popular areas should be on your radar to avoid becoming a victim of pickpocketing. Some of the busiest areas in Venice that are known for pickpockets include the Rialto Bridge Area and Piazza San Marco.