consist of/comprise/be composed of/be made up of : ‘The book consists of six chapters and a brief
introduction.’ ‘The earth’s atmosphere is composed mainly of nitrogen, oxygen and
carbon dioxide.’ ‘The house comprises two bedrooms, a bathroom, a kitchen, and a
living room.’ ‘The US government is made up of two legislative assemblies.’ Note that
you will sometimes see comprise used with of. ‘This investment scheme is comprised
of two separate packages.’ Most careful users consider this to be incorrect,
preferring: ‘This investment scheme comprises two separate packages.’
3
The increase of crime is accelerating.
The increase in crime is accelerating. There has been an increase of the number of cars.
There has been an increase in the number of cars. increase in sth (NOT of ): ‘There’s been a sudden increase in political activity.’ ‘We can expect further increases in the cost of living.’ indeed 1
As for his new novel, I think it’s worth reading indeed.
As for his new novel, I think it’s certainly worth reading. He claims that many young people do not want jobs
but this is indeed not the case.
He claims that many young people do not want jobs but this is certainly not the case. Indeed is used (1) to introduce a statement that strengthens a previous point: ‘We don’t need any more high street banks. Indeed, there are too many already.’ (2) to show that you agree with a previous statement or opinion: ‘Cancer research has indeed come a long way in recent years.’ To strengthen a point or opinion that has not been mentioned before, use certainly or definitely : ‘He doesn’t treat his staff very well but he certainly knows how to make money.’ ‘The first essay is excellent but the second one definitely doesn’t deserve more than a ‘C’ grade. 2
I’m afraid that I won’t be able to come to your wedding. Indeed, I’m giving a lecture
on that day.