Ministry of higher and secondary education of the republic of uzbekistan tashkent insititute of finance

Task 4. Make a 13-15 slides presentation on the topic: Tax and taxation

Answers
Task-1
1) If one also looked at tax distortions of savings, elasticities at that point in time again seemed to be small.
2) This is because goods with elastic demand cause a large decline in quantity demanded for a small increase in price.
3) If the elasticity of supply is low, more of the tax will be paid by the supplier.
4) The tax shelter benefits result in a tax incidence disadvantaging the poor.
5) Unitary elasticity means that a given percentage change in price causes an equal percentage change in quantity demanded or supplied. For example, when the price of a good rises 3%, the quantity demanded decreases by 3%. And, when the price drops by 3%, the quantity demanded increases by 3%.
6) The wage elasticity of supply of labor is the sensitivity of the supply of labor to a change in the wage rate.
7) Because the price structure is zero inelasticity, the salesperson can’t change how much he charges for each item on the menu.
8) The three partners may chose equal proportion reduction instead of equal percentage reduction.
9) Due to changes in the price of materials, sometimes more of a product was produced and sometimes less.
10) Savings is the amount of money left over after spending and other obligations are deducted from earnings.
Task-2

1. 
   Agar talab taklifdan ko'ra elastikroq bo'lsa, soliq yukining katta qismini iste'molchilar o'z zimmalariga oladilar.
   
2. 
   Agar taklif talabdan ko'ra elastikroq bo'lsa, soliq yukining katta qismini sotuvchilar o'z zimmalariga oladilar.
   
3. 
   Talab noelastik bo'lsa, iste'molchilar narx o'zgarishiga unchalik sezgir emas (ahamiyat bermaydi).
   
4. 
   Soliq arzonroq narxda olingandan ko'ra ancha kamroq tovarlar sotilishiga olib keladi.
   
5. 
   Soliqlarni joriy qilish orqali hukumat iste'molchilar tomonidan to'lanadigan narx Pc va ishlab chiqaruvchilar tomonidan olinadigan narx Pp o'rtasida to’siq hosil qiladi.
   

Task-3
The government is taking various measures to prevent the sale of certain harmful goods and the attraction of young people. It can be seen from the text that the government tries to reduce the consumption of tobacco products through taxes. However, if we take into account that tobacco products demand learning in consumers, demand inelasticity arises. In times of inelastic demand for tobacco, taxes are not an effective means of reducing tobacco consumption, and most of the tax burden falls on consumers based on high prices.
In order to determine who the tax burden falls more on, it is necessary to study the elasticity of demand and supply. In the example of tobacco products, the tax burden falls on the consumer when the demand is more inelastic than the supply, and on the seller if the supply is more inelastic than the demand.
The elasticity of supply and demand determines the market price of a good. The government tries to protect the rights of consumers and sometimes producers through taxes. In the example of tobacco products, the government tries to reduce the consumption of tobacco products through the tax burden. If such measures are not taken, the consumption of tobacco products may become widespread and pose a serious threat to the health of the population. Considering that tobacco products induce learning in consumers, the demand for tobacco products is inelastic and the tax burden falls on consumers, but this does not reduce the consumption of tobacco products, only consumers buy tobacco products at higher prices. By placing the tax burden on consumers, the government is able to limit the consumption and spread of harmful tobacco products to a certain extent and to limit the spread among the youth.