Note: This document is a translation of the German koma script manual
Yüklə 2,49 Mb. Pdf görüntüsü
|
|
Example: You want to know the name of the day of the week of the 24th December 2027. Please pay you bill until \ISODayName{2027-12-24}, 24th~December~2027. The result will be: Please pay you bill until Friday, 24th December 2027. Again a special feature is to make some calculations inside the argument of \DayName. Example: You want to know the names of the days of the week, that will be in 12 days and that will be 24 days before the 24th December 2027. In 12~days the name of the day of the week will be \DayName{\year}{\month}{\day+12} and 24~days before the 24th~December~2027 it will be \ISODayName{2027-12-24-24}. Nevertheless two weeks and three days after a Wednesday a \DayNameByNumber{3+2*7+3} will follow. 231 Chapter 6. The result may be, e. g.: In 12 days the name of the day of the week will be Wednesday and 24 days before the 24th December 2027 it will be Tuesday. Nevertheless two weeks and three days after a Wednesday a Saturday will follow. \ISOToday \IsoToday \todaysname \todaysnumber In the prior examples the current date have been given cumbersomely and explicitly using the TEX registers \year, \month, and \day. The commands \ISOToday v3.05a and \IsoToday offers the current date in ISO-notation directly. These commands differ in the number of digits for numbers less than 10 only. \ISOToday prefixes numbers less than 10 for the month and day with a 0. In opposite to this \IsoToday will show numbers less than 10 for the month and day with one digit only. Command \todaysname directly offers the name of the current day of the week. Command \todaysnumber offers the number of that name instead. More information about usability of this value may be found at previous description of \DayNumber and \ISODayNumber.
type-set: I have done the {\LaTeX} run of this document on a \todaysname. This will result in, e. g.: I have done the L A TEX run of this document on a Friday. Note that the package is not able to decline words. The known terms are the nominative singular that may be used, e. g., in the date of a letter. Given this limitation, the example above can work correctly only for some languages. The names of the weekdays are saved in capitalized form, i. e., the first letter is a capital letter, all the others are lowercase letters. But for some languages you may need the names completely in lowercase. You may achieve this using the standard L A TEX command \MakeLowercase, e. g.: \MakeLowercase{\todaysname} This converts the whole argument into lower case letters. Of course, this may be done also using previous described commands \DayNameByNumber, \DayName and \ISODayName. \nameday{name } Analogous to how the output of \today can be modified using \date, so the output of \todaysname can be changed to name by using \nameday.
232 Chapter 6. Example: You change the current date to a fixed value using \date. You are not interested in the actual name of the day, but want only to show that it is a workday. So you set: \nameday{workday} After this the previous example will result in: I have done the L A TEX run of this document on a workday. There’s no such command for changing the result of \ISOToday or \IsoToday. \newdaylanguage{language } {Monday }{Tuesday }{Wednesday }{Thursday } {Friday }{Saturday }{Sunday } Currently the package scrdate knows the following languages: • Croatian (croatian), • Czech (czech v3.13
), • Danish (danish), • Dutch (dutch), • English (american v3.13 , australian, british, canadian, english, UKenglish, and USen- glish), • Finnish (finnish), • French (acadian, canadien, francais v3.13
, and french), • German (austrian v3.08b , german, naustrian, ngerman, nswissgerman, and swissgerman v3.13 ), • Italian (italian), • Norwegian (norsk), • Polish (polish v3.13 ),
• Swedish (swedish). 233 Chapter 6. If you want to configure it for other languages, you may use this command. The first argument is the name of the language and the other arguments are the names of the corresponding days. In the current implementation it does not matter whether you load scrdate before or after german, ngerman, babel or similar packages. In both cases the correct language will be used. To explain a little bit more exactly: while you are using a language selection which works in a compatible way to babel or ngerman, the correct language will be used by scrdate. If you are using another language selection you will get (US-)English names. By the way: If you found a suitable definition for a language, that has not been defined before, please mail it to the KOMA-Script author. There is a good chance, that he will add support for the language to scrdate. 234 Chapter 7. Getting the Time with Package scrtime This package provides an answer to the question of the current time. Since version 3.05 this package uses the option interface already known from the KOMA-Script classes and several other KOMA-Script packages. See for example section 2.4 for more information. \thistime[delimiter ] \thistime*[delimiter ] \thistime results in the current time. The delimiter between the values of hour, minutes and seconds can be given in the optional argument. The default symbol of the delimiter is “:”. \thistime* works in almost the same way as \thistime. The only difference is that unlike with \thistime, with \thistime* the value of the minute field is not preceded by a zero when its value is less than 10. Thus, with \thistime the minute field has always two places.
Your train departs at \thistime. results, for example, in: Your train departs at 8:25. or: Your train departs at 23:09. In contrast to the previous example a line like: This day is already \thistime*[\ hours and\ ] minutes old. results in: This day is already 8 hours and 25 minutes old. or: This day is already 12 hours and 25 minutes old. \settime{time } \settime
sets the output of \thistime and \thistime* to the value time . Now the op- tional parameter of \thistime or \thistime* is ignored, since the result of \thistime or \thistime* was completely determined using \settime. 12h=simple-switch With option 12h v3.05a one can select whether the result of \thistime and \thistime* is in 12- or in 24-hour format. The option understands the values for simple-switch listed in table 2.5 ,
235 Chapter 7. page 38 . The option without a value is same like 12h=true and therefore 12-hour-format will be used. The default is 24h. You may use this option either as a global option in the optional argument of \documentclass , as a package option in the optional argument of \usepackage or after load- ing the package using \KOMAoptions or \KOMAoption (see, e. g., section 2.4 , page 29
). The option has no effect on the results of \thistime and \thistime* if \settime is used. Only for compatibility with former releases of scrtime also option 24h will switch to 24-hour format if used in the optional argument of \documentclass or \usepackage. Nevertheless, you should not use this option any longer.
236 Chapter 8. Access to Address Files with scraddr 8.1. Overview The package scraddr is a small extension to the KOMA-Script letter class. Its aim is to make access to the data of address files more flexible and easier. Basically, the package implements a new loading mechanism for address files which contain address entries in the form of \adrentry and newer \addrentry commands, as described in chapter 4 from page 200
. \InputAddressFile{file name } The command \InputAddressFile is the main command of the scraddr, and reads the content of the address file given as its parameter. If the file does not exist the command returns an error message. For every entry in the address file the command generates a set of macros for accessing the data. For large address files this will take a lot of TEX memory. \adrentry{Lastname }{Firstname }{Address }{Phone }{F1 }{F2 }{Comment }{Key } \addrentry{Lastname }{Firstname }{Address }{Phone }{F1 }{F2 }{F3 }{F4 }{Key } \adrchar{initial } \addrchar{initial } The structure of the address entries in the address file was discussed in detail in section 4.22 from
page 200 onwards. The division of the address file with the help of \adrchar or \addrchar , also discussed therein, has no meaning for scraddr and is simply ignored. The commands for accessing the data are given by the name of the data field they are intended for. \Name{key } \FirstName{key } \LastName{key } \Address{key } \Telephone{key } \FreeI{key } \FreeII{key } \Comment{key } \FreeIII{key } \FreeIV{key } These commands give access to data of your address file. The last parameter, i. e., parameter 8 for the \adrentry entry and parameter 9 for the \addrentry entry, is the identifier of an entry, thus the key has to be unique and non-blank. The key should only be composed of multiple uppercase letters out of the namespace of TEX macro names. If the file contains more than one entry with the same key value, the last occurrence will be used.
237 Chapter 8. 8.2. Usage First of all, we need an address file with valid address entries. In this example the file has the name lotr.adr and contains the following entries. \addrentry{Baggins}{Frodo}% {The Hill\\ Bag End/Hobbiton in the Shire}{}% {Bilbo Baggins}{pipe-weed}% {the Ring-bearer}{Bilbo’s heir}{FRODO} \adrentry{Gamgee}{Samwise}% {Bagshot Row 3\\Hobbiton in the Shire}{}% {Rosie Cotton}{taters}% {the Ring-bearer’s faithful servant}{SAM} \adrentry{Bombadil}{Tom}% {The Old Forest}{}% {Goldberry}{trill queer songs}% {The Master of Wood, Water and Hill}{TOM} The 4th parameter, the telephone number, has been left blank. If you know the story behind these addresses you will agree that a telephone number makes no sense here, and besides, it should simply be possible to leave them out. The command \InputAddressFile is used to load the address file shown above: \InputAddressFile{lotr} With the help of the commands introduced in this chapter we can now write a letter to old Tom Bombadil. In this letter we ask him if he can remember two fellow-travelers from Elder Days. \begin{letter}{\Name{TOM}\\\Address{TOM}} \opening{Dear \FirstName{TOM} \LastName{TOM},} or \FreeIII{TOM}, how your delightful \FreeI{TOM} calls you. Can you remember Mr.\,\LastName{FRODO}, strictly speaking \Name{FRODO}, since there was Mr.\,\FreeI{FRODO} too. He was
\Comment{FRODO} in the Third Age and \FreeIV{FRODO} \Name{SAM}, \Comment{SAM}, has attended him. Their passions were very worldly. \FirstName{FRODO} enjoyed smoking \FreeII{FRODO}, his attendant appreciated a good meal with \FreeII{SAM}. Do you remember? Certainly Mithrandir has told you much about their deeds and adventures . \closing{‘‘O spring-time and summer-time and spring again after!\\ O wind on the waterfall,
238 Chapter 8. and the leaves’ laughter!’’} \end{letter} In the address of letters often both firstname and lastname are required, als shown above in \opening. Thus, the command \Name{key} is an abridgement for \FirstName{key} \LastName{key} . The 5th and 6th parameters of the \adrentry or \adrentry commands are for free use. They are accessible with the commands \FreeI and \FreeII. In this example, the 5th pa- rameter contains the name of a person who is the most important in the life of the entry’s person, the 6th contains the person’s passion. The 7th parameter is a comment or in general also a free parameter. The commands \Comment or \FreeIII give access to this data. Use of \FreeIV is only valid for \addrentry entries; for \adrentry entries it results in an error. More on this is covered in the next section. 8.3. Package Warning Options As mentioned above, the command \FreeIV leads to an error if it is used for \adrentry entries. How scraddr reacts in such a situation is decide by package options. adrFreeIVempty adrFreeIVshow adrFreeIVwarn adrFreeIVstop These four options allow the user to choose between ignore and rupture during the L A TEX run
if \FreeIV has been used with an \adrentry entry. adrFreeIVempty – the command \FreeIV will be ignored adrFreeIVshow – “(entry FreeIV undefined at key )” will be written as warning in the text adrFreeIVwarn – writes a warning in the logfile adrFreeIVstop – the L A
To choose the desired reaction, one of these options can be given in the optional argument of the \usepackage command. The default setting is adrFreeIVshow. 239 Chapter 9. Creating Address Files from a Address Database In former versions of KOMA-Script the package addrconv was a permanent part of the KOMA- Script system. The chief involvement with KOMA-Script was that with the help of addrconv it was possible from an address database in B IB TEX format to create address files compatible with the KOMA-Script letter class or with the package scraddr. @address{HMUS, name =
{Carl McExample}, title =
{Dr.}, city =
{Anywhere}, zip =
01234, country = {Great Britain}, street =
{A long Road}, phone =
{01234 / 5 67 89}, note =
{always forget his birthday}, key =
{HMUS}, } From entries such as that given above, address files can be generated. For this addrconv employs B IB TEX and various B IB TEX styles. Additionally, there are some L A TEX files which can help to create various telephone and address lists for printing. However, the package addrconv was actually an independent package, since besides what is required for KOMA-Script it includes several more interesting features. Therefore, the package addrconv has for some time already been removed from the KOMA-Script system. The package adrconv, with a single d, entirely replaces addrconv. If it is not included in your TEX distribution then it can be downloaded from [ Kie10 ] and you can install it separately. 240 Chapter 10. Making Basic Feature of the KOMA-Script Classes Available with Package scrextend while Using Other Classes There are several features, that are shared by all KOMA-Script classes. This means not only the classes scrbook, scrreprt, and scrartcl, that has been made as a drop-in replacement for the standard classes book, report, and article, but also for several features of the KOMA-Script class scrlttr2, the successor of scrlettr, that may be used for letters. These basic features, that may be found in the above-named classes, are also provided by package scrextend since KOMA-Script release 3.00. This package should not be used together with a KOMA-Script class, but may be used together with many other classes. Package scrextend would recognize, if it would be used with a KOMA-Script class, and would terminate with a warning message in that case. There is no warranty for compatibility of scrextend with every class. The package has been designed primary to extend the standard classes and derived classed. Anyway, before using scrextend you should make sure that the used class does not already provide the feature you need.
Beside the features from this chapter, there are additional common features, that are mainly provides for authors of classes and packages. These may be found in chapter 12 from
page 263 . The package scrbase, that has been described at that chapter, was designed to be used mainly by authors of classes and packages. Package scrextend and all KOMA-Script classes also use that package. KOMA-Script classes and package scrextend also load package scrlfile described in chapter 13 from page 285
. Because of this the features of that package are also available when using scrextend. In difference to the above, only the KOMA-Script classes scrbook, scrreprt, and scrartcl load package tocbasic (see chapter 15 from
page 300 ), that has been designed to be used by authors of classes and packages too. Because of this scrextend does not provide the features of this package. Nevertheless you may use tocbasic together with scrextend. 10.1. Early or late Selection of Options All of what is described in section 2.4 is generally applicable. 10.2. Compatibility with Earlier Versions of KOMA-Script It applies, mutatis mutandis, what is written in section 2.5 .
241 Chapter 10. Table 10.1.: overview of the optional available extended features of scrextend
extends the title pages to the features of the KOMA-Script classes; this means not only the commands for the title page but also option titlepage (see section 10.7 , from
page 241 )
Package scrextend provides some optional, extended features. Such features are not available by default, but may be activated additionally. These features are optional, i. e., because the conflict with features of the standard classes of often used packages. extendedfeature=feature With this option an extended feature of scrextend may be activated. Option
extendedfeature is available only while loading the package scrextend. User have to set the option in the optional argument of \usepackage[optional argument ]{scrextend}. An overview of all available optional features is shown in table 10.1 .
What is written in section 3.3 applies, mutatis mutandis.
What is described in section 3.5 applies, mutatis mutandis. 10.6. Text Markup What is described in section 3.6 applies, mutatis mutandis. Names and meanings of the individual items are listed in table 3.2 , page 54
. However only the listed elements for the document title, dicta, footnotes, and the labeling environment are supported. Though el- ement disposition exists, it will also be used for the document title only. This has been done for compatibility with the KOMA-Script classes. The default values are shown in the corresponding paragraphs.
It applies, mutatis mutandis, what is described in section 3.7 . But there’s a difference: 242 Chapter 10. The document title capabilities of scrextend are part of the optional, advanced features. Therfore they are only available, if extendedfeature=title has been selected while loading the package (see section 10.3 , page 241
). Beyond that scrextend cannot be used with a KOMA- Script class together. Because of this \documentclass{scrbook} must be replaced by \documentclass{book} \usepackage[extendedfeature=title]{scrextend} at all examples from section 3.7 , if scrextend should be used.
What is described in section 3.11 applies, mutatis mutandis. 10.9. Head and Foot Using Predefined Page Styles One of the basic features of a document is the page style. Page style in L A TEX means mainly header and footer of the page. Package scrextend does not define any page style, but it uses and expects the definition some page styles. \titlepagestyle Some pages have a different page style automatically selected using \thispagestyle. With scrextend this will be used currently for the page with the in-page title if and only if option extendedfeature=title has been used (see section 10.3 , page 241
). In this case the page style stored at \thispagestyle will be used. Default for \thispagestyle is plain. This page style is predefined by the L A TEX kernel. So it should be available always. 10.10. Interleaf Pages What is described in section 3.13 applies, mutatis mutandis. 10.11. Footnotes Package scrextend supports all the footnote features of KOMA-Script that are described in section 3.14 . Nevertheless, by default the footnotes are under full control of the used class. This changes as soon as command \deffootnote (see page 82
) has been used. Package scrextend does not provide settings for the separation line above the footnotes. 243 Chapter 10. 10.12. Dicta It applies, mutatis mutandis, what is described in section 3.17 . However, scrextend does not support the commands \setchapterpreamble and \setpartpreamble. You should read the manual of the used class, if you want to know, if that class does support similar commands. 10.13. Lists What is described in section 3.18 applies, mutatis mutandis. However, scrextend does support only the environments labeling, addmargin and addmargin*. All the other list environments may be supported and controlled by the used class. 10.14. Margin Notes It applies, mutatis mutandis, what is described in section 3.21 .
244 Chapter 11. Support for the Law Office by scrjura In case you’d like to write a contract, the bylaws of a company or of the club, an act of law or a whole commentary, the package scrjura will provide typographical support. Despite the fact that scrjura is intended as a broad help for juridical documents, the contract is the central element of the package. Particular attention is being paid to the clause with numbered title and numbered paragraphs — if a clause consists of more than one paragraph —, even numbered sentences, entries in the table of contents and cross references according to German standards. The package has been developed in cooperation with Dr Alexander Willand, lawyer in Karlsruhe. Note that the package cooperates with hyperref. Nevertheless, hyperref has to be loaded after scrjura as usual.
All of what is described in section 2.4 is generally applicable. 11.2. Table of Contents The package scrjura provides entries into the table of contents. juratotoc=simple switch juratotoc=level number A clause is being shown in the table of contents only, if its level number is smaller or equal to the counter tocdepth (see section 3.9 , page 68 ). Default for the level number is 10000, which as well will be used, if the option is switched off by the simple switch (see table 2.5 , page 38 ). Because the counter tocdepth usually has a one digit value, clause entries are not shown in the table of contents. If you switch on the option using the simple switch , as a default level number 2 is used, so that clauses are shown in the table of contents on the same level as subsections. If the counter tocdepth has default values as well, clauses are shown with all KOMA-Script classes. juratocindent=indent juratocnumberwidth=number width These two options can be used to determine the indentation in the table of contents as well as the reserved space for the numbers there. Defaults are the values for the subsection entries in scrartcl. 245 Chapter 11. 11.3. Environment for Contracts The main mechanism of scrjura only work inside of the contract environment. \begin{contract} . . .
\end{contract} Till this date, this is the one and only environment for legal practitioner provided by scrjura. Using it will activate the automatic numbering of paragraphs and the commands \Clause and \SubClause will become a form, which will be documented below. The environment contract must not be nested in itself. Within the document the environ- ment may be used several times. In this case the clauses within the environment are treated as if they were within the same environment. Ending the environment means just a break and with beginning a new environment in the same document the former environment is continued. A break inside a clause is not possible. contract The whole document becomes a contract if you use this option while loading the package with \usepackage or as a global option with \documentclass. The document behaves as if you started the contract environment right after the beginning of the document. Neither you can use this option with \KOMAoption nor with \KOMAoptions, so that it is not possible to switch the option off in this way. Please use the contract environment directly.
With scrjura clauses 1 in a legal sense only exist inside of contracts, meaning inside of the environment contract. \Clause[options ] \SubClause[options ] These are the most important commands inside of a contract. Without using further options the command \Clause creates the heading of a clause, which consists only of the sign »§«, followed by its number. In contrast to this the command \SubClause creates the heading of a clause with the last number used by \Clause and adds a lowercase letter. \SubClause mainly is intended for cases where an act or a contract is amended and not only clauses are changed or deleted, but between existing clauses new ones are inserted without changing the numbering. 1 In English, the word “section” also is used in an act of law or in an agreement. To distinguish \section of most document classes from the section in scrjura, we decided to call the section in the latter simply “clause”. 246 Chapter 11. Table 11.1.: Possible properties for the optional argument of \Clause and \SubClause dummy
The heading will not be printed but counted in the automatic numbering. head=running head If running heads are available, running head is used instead of the clause title . nohead
The running head stays unchanged. notocentry Does not make an entry into the table of contents. number=number Uses number for the output of the clause number. preskip=skip Changes the vertical skip before the clause heading. postskip=skip Changes the vertical skip after the clause heading. title=title Additional to the clause number a clause title will be printed. This is also used as default for the running head and the entry in the table of contents. tocentry=entry Independent from the clause title , an entry into the table of contents will be made, if such entries are activated. Both commands except as options a list separated by commas of properties. An overview over possible properties is provided by table 11.1 . For the most important of them we will go into the details. A skip of two lines is inserted before the heading and afterwards a skip of one line as a default. Via the options preskip and postskip these skips can be changed. The new values are not only valid for the current clause but beginning with the actual clause until the end of the current contract environment. It is possible as well to set these keys in advance by writing \setkeys{contract}{preskip=skip , postskip=skip } independently from a clause and outside of a contract environment as well. Also it is possible to set the keys inside of the preamble after loading scrjura. But it is not possible to set these options while loading the package or by using \KOMAoptions or \KOMAoption.
247 Chapter 11. The headings use as a default the fonts \sffamily\bfseries\large. The fonts can be changed using the element contract.Clause with the help of \setkomafont and \addtokomafont (see
section 3.6 , page 53 ). Inside the contract environment instead of contract.Clause simply Clause may be used. With the options title, head, and tocentry a clause may get in addition to the number a title. It is recommended to put the value of these options inside brackets. Failing this, e.g., commas may lead to confusion between different options. Empty values for head and tocentry cause an empty entry. If one would like to avoid an entry, the options nohead and notocentry have to be used. Instead of the running numbers the option number manually sets the number of a clause. This will have no impact on the numbers of the subsequent clauses. Empty numbers are not possible. Fragile commands inside number have to be protected with \protect. It is recommended only to use numbers and letters as assignment to number. With the option dummy the output of the whole heading of a clause can be suppressed. The automatic numbering will count this clause nonetheless. Thus you can skip a clause in the automatic numbering with \Clause{dummy} in case the clause has been deleted in a later version of a contract. Note, only the values true and false may be used in combination with dummy. All other values will be ignored, but may throw up an error. \Clauseformat{number } As already mentioned the clauses and subclauses usually are being numbered. The format of the number is done with the help of the command \Clauseformat, which expects as one and only argument the number. The default is defined as \newcommand*{\Clauseformat}[1]{\S~#1} and, as you see, it is only the \S followed by a non-breaking space and the number. In case of redefinition take care to keep it expandable. juratitlepagebreak=simple switch Usually a page break inside a heading is prohibited. Some jurists may need page breaks inside of clause headings. Such a break may be allowed using juratitlepagebreak. The possible values for simple switch are printed in table 2.5 , page 38 . clausemark=value Clauses are a kind of inferior structure with an independent numbering they will not have running headlines as a default. Running headlines are possible and may be created with alternative properties. The possible values and their meaning are listed in table 11.2 .
248 Chapter 11. Table 11.2.: Possible values for option clausemark for activation of running heads both
Clauses generate left and right marks for running heads, if the document provides automatic running heads. false , off, no Clauses do not generate marks for running heads and therefore do not change running heads.
forceboth Clauses use \markbith to generate left and right marks for running heads even if the document does not provide automatic running heads for the current page style. forceright Clauses use \markright to generate right marks for running heads even if the doc- ument does not provide automatic running heads for the current page style. right Clauses generate right marks for running heads, if the document provides automatic running heads. 11.3.2. Paragraphs Within clauses the paragraphs are being numbered automatically. With this, the paragraphs are a strongly structuring element, similar to \paragraph or \subparagraph known, e. g., from article classes. Contracts usually use a vertical skip between paragraphs. The package scrjura does not provide its own mechanism for this. Instead, it uses the option parskip of the KOMA-Script classes (see section 3.10 , page 69 ). parnumber=value The default numbering of paragraphs is parnumber=auto and parnumber=true. Once in a while it might be necessary to switch off the automatic numbering. This is done with parnumber=false . In this case the numbering of sentences will be reseted. To realise this way of numbering paragraphs it has been necessary to gear into the paragraph building mechanism of L A TEX. In rare cases there is a negative impact, which can be avoided by switching to parnumber=manual. On the other hand L A TEXitself sometimes undoes the change. In those cases one has to activate it again with parnumber=auto. In a clause which consist of only one paragraph, the paragraph usually has no number. This does only work if there are not two clauses with an identical number in a document. Note that the number of paragraphs in a clause is not available before the end of the clause. Therefore you need a least two L A TEX runs to get the correct, automatic paragraph numbering. 249 Chapter 11. par \thepar
\parformat \parformatseparation For numbering the paragraphs inside a clause we use the counter par. The output of \thepar will display an arabic number, because the default is \arabic{par}. \parformat provides the format, which is \thepar in rounded brackets. For numbering a paragraph manually, use \parformat as well. It makes sense to call \parformat with a following \nobreakspace or a tilde.
The v0.7
output of \parformat is followed by one or more delimiter(s). These are provided by \parformatseparation , which currently consists of \nonbreakspace, the non-breakable inter word distance. Package scrjura assumes internally, that \thepar is an arabic number. Don’t redefine! \ellipsispar[number ] \parellipsis Sometimes v0.7 — particularly in comparisons — it is desirable to omit paragraphs, but to mark the omission. Those omitted paragraphs shall be included in the counter of the paragraphs. The package scrjura provides the command \ellipsispar to do this. By default \ellipsispar omits precisely one paragraph. Using the optional argument multiple paragraphs may be omitted. In any case the output shows just one not numbered paragraph, which only consists of the ellipsis defined by \parellipsis. The automatic num- bering of paragraphs takes the number of omitted paragraphs into account. Example: Supposed you are writing a »comment« of the German 2 penal code, but only paragraph 3 of § 2. Nevertheless you’d like to hint at the omission. This can be done this way: \documentclass[parskip=half]{scrartcl} \usepackage{scrjura} \begin{document} \begin{contract} \Clause{title={Temporal application},number=2} \ellipsispar[2] If, subsequent to the commission of a criminal offence, the law provides for a lighter penalty, that penalty shall be applicable. \ellipsispar[3] 2 We have decided to translate it into English. But please remember, it is only an example not of existing law but of a technical realisation with scrjura. 250 Chapter 11. \end{contract} \end{document} To see the result, just give it a try. The ellipsis is by default \textellipsis, if such a command is defined. If not, \dots will be used. \parellipsis may be redefined with \renewcommand.
In a contract the paragraphs consist of one or more sentences. In German acts of law it is common to number the sentences as well. Regarding scrjura, an automatic numbering is cumbersome and error-prone and has not been implemented yet. sentence \thesentence \Sentence Manual numbering of sentences is done with the command \Sentence. It adds one to the counter sentence. As a default, \thesentence is printed as an arabic number. Using babel offers an easy way to define a short hand for \Sentence: \useshorthands{’} \defineshorthand{’S}{\Sentence\ignorespaces} With this definition any space after ’S will be ignored. It is even possible to use the dot as abbrevation for dot and new number of the following sentence: \defineshorthand{’.}{. \Sentence\ignorespaces} These abbrevations have been tried and tested. For details regarding \useshorthands and \defineshorthands please consult the manual of the package babel (see [ BB13 ]).
11.4. Cross References The conventional mechanism to set cross references using \label, \ref, and \pageref does not suffice. scrjura provides more commands. \ref{label } \refL{label } \refS{label } \refN{label } The commands \refL, \refS, and \refN give a full reference to clause, paragraph and sen- tence. \refL is a long text, \refS a short text and \refN an abbreviated, numeric form. \ref defaults to \refL. 251 Chapter 11. \refClause{label } \refClauseN{label } For a cross reference to to a clause without displaying paragraph and sentences as well. \refClause puts a section symbol (§) in front of the reference, while \refClauseN does not.
\refPar{label } \refParL{label } \refParS{label } \refParN[number format ]{label } You can make a cross reference to a paragraph using \refParL, \refParS and \refParN. The differences between the forms correspond to the differences between \refL, \refN and \refS. A special feature is the optional argument of \refParN. Usually the numeric reference to a paragraph uses a roman number. The optional argument allows to set a different number format , it may make sense to use arabic numbers. \refPar defaults to \refParL. \refSentence{label } \refSentenceL{label } \refSentenceS{label } \refSentenceN{label } You can make a cross reference to a sentence with \refSentenceL, \refSentenceS, or \refSentenceN . Again we have a long text form, a short text form and a numerical form. \refSentence defaults to \refSentenceL. ref=value The results of \ref, \refPar, and \refSentence depend on the value of option ref. Defaults are \refL, \refParL and \refSentenceL. For possible values and their meaning see table 11.3 .
clause 1”. As scrjura lacks of a predefined command for this, you have to build your own definitions out of what’s given: \newcommand*{\refParM}[1]{% paragraph~\refParN[arabic]{#1} in clause~\refClauseN{#1}% } This new command can be used in the same way as \refParL. Table 11.4 provides examples of the output of the fundamental commands, not configured. 252 Chapter 11. Table 11.3.: Possible values for option ref to configure the cross reference format of \ref, \refPar, and \refSentence long Combination of parlong and sentencelong. numeric Combination of parnumeric and sentencenumeric. clauseonly , onlyclause, ClauseOnly, OnlyClause Combination of paroff and sentenceoff; note that \refPar and \refSentence have empty results! parlong , longpar, ParL Paragraphs are referenced in long textual form. parnumeric , numericpar, ParN Paragraphs are referenced in simple numerical form. paroff , nopar
Paragraphs have not reference. Note that \refPar has an empty result! parshort
, shortpar, ParS Paragraphs are referenced in short textual form. sentencelong , longsentence, SentenceL Sentences are referenced in long textual form. sentencenumeric , numericsentence, SentenceN Sentences are referenced in simple numeric form. sentenceoff , nosentence Sentences have no reference. Note that \refSentence has an empty result! sentenceshort , shortsentence, SentenceS Sentences are referenced in short textual form. short Combination if parshort and sentenceshort. 253 Chapter 11. Table 11.4.: Example outputs of the ref-independent cross refer- ence commands Command
Example output \refL{label } § 1 paragraph 1 sentence 1 \refS{label } § 1 par. 1 sent. 1 \refN{label } § 1 I 1. \refClause{label } § 1 \refClauseN{label } 1 \refParL{label } paragraph 1 \refParS{label } par. 1 \refParN{label } I \refParN[arabic]{label } 1 \refParN[roman]{label } i \refSentenceL{label } sentence 1 \refSentenceS{label } sent. 1 \refSentenceN{label } 1. 11.5. Additional Environments There are users of scrjura who use it to draft neither contracts nor commentaries on certain acts of law, but a compilation of, e. g., different laws, which does not necessarly use the section prefix (§) before the title of each clause. Maybe somebody would like to write something like “Art. XY” and needed an indpendent counter for each contract environment. \DeclareNewJuraEnvironment{name }[options ]{start commands }{end commands } This v0.9
command allows to define new and independent environments of the type contract. The argument name is the name of the new environment, of course. start commands are commands which will be executed at the beginning of the environment, as if they were added directly after \begin{name }. Correspondingly end commands will be executed at the end of the environment, as if added directly before \end{name }. Without any options the new environment behaves similiar to the contract environment, but with its own counters. It is possible to set options in a comma separated list. Currently the following options are supported: Clause=instruction : Defines on which instruction inside the environment the command \Clause
is being mapped. The instruction expects exactly one argument. To use it correctly, a deeper knowledge and understanding of the internal functions of scrjura is needed. Furthermore the requirements for instruction may change in future versions. It is recommended not to use this option. SubClause=instruction : See explanation for Clause above. 254 Chapter 11. Sentence=instruction : Defines on which instruction inside the environment the com- mand \Sentence is being mapped. The instruction must not have an argument. Typically it should add one to the counter sentence (using \refstepcounter) and display it somehow. Please avoid undesirable spaces. ClauseNumberFormat=instruction : Formats the numbers of clauses. Expects exactly one argument, the number of the clause. If the instruction implements a series of instruc- tions and the number is the last argument of a that series, you may directly use the series of instructions as instruction . Example: To define the environment we mentioned in the preface of this section, for articles, it is sufficient to write: \DeclareNewJuraEnvironment{Artikel}[ClauseNumberFormat=Art.]{}{} In case paragraphs have to be separated by space between the paragraphs, scrjura together with a KOMA-Script document class allows to write: \DeclareNewJuraEnvironment{Artikel}[ClauseNumberFormat=Art.~] {\KOMAoptions{parskip}}{} In cross references will “Art.” be used instead of “§”, of course. 11.6. Support for Different Languages The package scrjura has been developed in cooperation with an German lawyer. Therefore primarily it has provided the languages german, ngerman, austrian, and naustrian. Never- theless, it has been designed to support common language packages like babel. Users can make language adjustments simply using \providecaptionname (see section 12.4 , page 280
). But if you have definite information about the correct juristic terms and conventions of a language, it is recommended to contact the KOMA-Script author. This has been happened for English and therefore in the meantime scrjura also provides terms for languages english, american, british , canadian, USenglish, and UKenglish. \parname \parshortname \sentencename \sentenceshortname These are the language-dependent terms used by scrjura. The meaning of the terms and the English defaults are shown in table 11.5 . The package itself uses \providecaptionname inside \begin{document} to define them. So pre-definitions for the same language but before loading scrjura will not be changed. If you use scrjura with a language setting currently not supported, the package throws an error. 255 Chapter 11. Table 11.5.: Meanings and En- glish defaults of language de- pendent terms if not already defined
Command Meaning
Default \parname
long form “paragraph” paragraph \parshortname short form “paragraph” par. \sentencename long form “sentence” sentence \sentenceshortname short form “sentence” sent.
11.7. A Detailed Example Remember the letter from chapter 4 . A club member has written to the board because of the general meeting that is regulated by the club statutes. Such club statutes are a kind of contract and you can realise them using scrjura. 3 \documentclass[fontsize=12pt,pagesize,parskip=half] {scrartcl} We use class scrartcl. Because paragraph distance instead of paragraph indentation is usual in club statutes we load the class with option parskip=half (see section 3.10 , page 69
). \usepackage[ngerman]{babel} The club rules are in German. Therefore package babel with option ngerman is used, too. \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{lmodern} \usepackage{textcomp} Default settings for the fonts are made. Additionally package textcomp is loaded, because it does not only provide a usable Euro sign but also an improved section sign (§). \usepackage{selinput} \SelectInputMappings{ adieresis={ä}, germandbls={ß}, } We want to input special characters and umlauts without commands. To do so, we let L A TEX
detect the input encoding. Alternatively we could use package inputenc. \usepackage{enumerate} Later in the document we want lists numbered not with arabic numbers but with lower letters. We can do this easily with package enumerate. \usepackage[clausemark=forceboth, juratotoc, 3 Please note, the example is still in German and has to be translated. Currently we have had not enough manpower to do the translation. Nevertheless, the contents of the example does not matter but the technical realisation. 256 Chapter 11. juratocnumberwidth=2.5em] {scrjura} \useshorthands{’} \defineshorthand{’S}{\Sentence\ignorespaces} \defineshorthand{’.}{. \Sentence\ignorespaces} \pagestyle{myheadings} Now, it is time for scrjura. With option clausemark=forceboth we enforce left an right clause marks for the running head. On the other hand we do not want \section to change the marks for the running head. Therefore we use page style myheadings. This page style generally does not provide automatic running heads. Later we also want a table of contents with the clauses. This can be achieved with option juratotoc . Doing so we will see, that the clause number width is to large for default of the entry into the table of contents. With juratocnumberwidth=2.5em we declare a larger reserved width. The definition of short hands has already been shown in section 11.3.3 . We also use this to make the input easier and more readable. \begin{document} It is time to begin the document. \subject{Satzung} \title{VfVmai} \subtitle{Verein für Vereinsmaierei mit ai n.e.V.} \date{11.\,11.\,2011} \maketitle Like other documents the statutes have a title. We make it with the usual KOMA-Script commands from section 3.7 (see down from page 58 ).
As already stated, we want to have a table of contents. \addsec{Präambel} Die Vereinslandschaft in Deutschland ist vielfältig. Doch leider mussten wir feststellen, dass es dabei oft am ernsthaften Umgang mit der Ernsthaftigkeit krankt. Preambles are not unusual in club statutes. Here we use \addsec to realise it, because we want to have an entry into the table of contents. \appendix Here we use a tiny trick. The articles of the club statutes should be numbered with uppercase letters instead of arabic numbers. This is the same like the numbering of appendix sections of an article with scrartcl.
257 Chapter 11. \section{Allgemeines} \begin{contract} We begin the contract with the first article. \Clause{title={Name, Rechtsform, Sitz des Vereins}} Der Verein führt den Namen »Verein für Vereinsmaierei mit ai n.e.V.« und ist in keinem Vereinsregister eingetragen. ’S Der Verein ist ein nichtwirtschaftlicher, unnützer Verein’. Er hat keinen Sitz und muss daher stehen. Geschäftsjahr ist vom 31.~März bis zum 1.~April. The first clause has a number and a title. We will do the same with all following clauses. The first paragraph of the clause is very usual. Because it is not the only paragraph, the output is done with a number before the text. Note that the numbering of the first paragraph needs at least two L A TEX runs like you will for the table of contents. In the second paragraph we have two sentences. Here we can see the short hands ’S and ’. in action. The first one does only generate the sentence number. The second one does not only print the full stop but also the sentence number. With this, both sentences are numbered. \Clause{title={Zweck des Vereins}} ’S Der Verein ist zwar sinnlos, aber nicht zwecklos’. Vielmehr soll er den ernsthaften Umgang mit der Ernsthaftigkeit auf eine gesunde Basis stellen. Zu diesem Zweck kann der Verein \begin{enumerate}[\qquad a)] \item in der Nase bohren, \item Nüsse knacken, \item am Daumen lutschen. \end{enumerate} Der Verein ist selbstsüchtig und steht dazu. Der Verein verfügt über keinerlei Mittel.\label{a:mittel} The second clause: also with several paragraphs with one or more sentences. The second paragraph additionally has a numbered list. At the last paragraph we used a label, because we want to reference it later. \Clause{title={Vereinsämter}}
258 Chapter 11. Die Vereinsämter sind Ehrenämter. ’S Würde der Verein über Mittel verfügen (siehe \ref{a:mittel}), so könnte er einen hauptamtlichen Geschäftsführer bestellen’. Ohne die notwendigen Mittel ist dies nicht möglich. The third clause has something special: a cross reference. Here we use the long form with clause, paragraph and sentence. If we would decide, that sentences should not be referenced, we could use option ref=nosentence globally. \Clause{title={Vereinsmaier},dummy} \label{p.maier} Here we have a special kind of clauses. In prior versions of the club statutes this was a real clause. But then it has been removed. Nevertheless, the numbering of the following clauses should not be changed by removing this one. Therefore the \Clause statement has not been removed but supplemented by option dummy. With this, we also can set a label despite the clause will not be printed. \end{contract} \section{Mitgliedschaft} \begin{contract} Another article starts. To avoid problems with the paragraph numbering we interrupt the contract
environment. \Clause{title={Mitgliedsarten},dummy} The first clause of the next article also has been removed. \Clause{title={Erwerb der Mitgliedschaft}} Die Mitgliedschaft kann jeder zu einem angemessenen Preis von einem der in \refClause{p.maier} genannten Vereinsmaier erwerben.\label{a.preis} ’S Zum Erwerb der Mitgliedschaft ist ein formloser Antrag erforderlich’. Dieser Antrag ist in grüner Tinte auf rosa Papier einzureichen. We have a real clause again. We cross reference one of the removed clauses and also use a label.
\SubClause{title={Ergänzung zu vorstehendem Paragraphen}} ’S Mit Abschaffung von \refClause{p.maier} verliert
259 Chapter 11. \ref{a.preis} seine Umsetzbarkeit’. Mitgliedschaften können ersatzweise vererbt werden. Once more, this is a special kind of clause. This time we have not removed a clause but added one without renumbering of the following clauses. To do so, we use \SubClause. Therefore the clause number is the same like the previous one but with an appended “a”. \Clause{title={Ende der Mitgliedschaft}} ’S Die Mitgliedschaft endet mit dem Leben’. Bei nicht lebenden Mitgliedern endet die Mitgliedschaft nicht. \Clause{title={Mitgliederversammlung}} Zweimal jährlich findet eine Mitgliederversammlung statt. Der Abstand zwischen zwei Mitgliederversammlungen beträgt höchstens 6~Monate, 1~Woche und 2~Tage. Frühestens 6~Monate nach der letzten Mitgliederversammlung hat die Einladung zur nächsten Mitgliederversammlung zu erfolgen. \SubClause{title={Ergänzung zur Mitgliederversammlung}} Die Mitgliederversammlung darf frühstens 2~Wochen nach letztem Eingang der Einladung abgehalten werden. \end{contract} The other clauses of this article are very usual. You already know all the features used for them. \section{Gültigkeit} \begin{contract} \Clause{title={In Kraft treten}} Diese Satzung tritt am 11.\,11.\,2011 um 11:11~Uhr in Kraft. ’S Sollten irgendwelche Bestimmungen dieser Satzung im Widerspruch zu einander stehen, tritt die Satzung am 11.\,11.\,2011 um 11:11~Uhr und 11~Sekunden wieder außer Kraft’. Der Verein ist in diesem Fall als aufgelöst zu betrachten. \end{contract} 260 Chapter 11. More articles with known features are following. \end{document} Then the L A TEX document ends. You can see three pages from the front of the document in figure 11.1 .
The package is part of KOMA-Script for several years and has been used by lawyers even longer. Nevertheless, it has a version number less than 1. So you should still regard it as work in progress. Here are the three reasons for this: The package has been designed much more general than it can be used currently. For example several environments beside contract has been expected. Later we find that this one and only environment could be used very general. Nevertheless we also find that it could be useful to be able to define additional contract environments, e. g., for articles of constitutional law. This has been implemented now. Neither the cooperation with other packages nor the cooperation of the contract environ- ment with all kind of L A TEX environments or document classes has been tested. The main reason for this is that the package is very special and the package author does not have any requirement to use it. So all changes, all features, all improvement can only base on detailed user feedback and only about two and a half users are willing to send such feedback. The low version number should state that things could change. The author endeavours to preserve compatibility to prior versions. Nevertheless, sometimes compatibility is less impor- tant than usability. So compatibility cannot be guaranteed. 261 Chapter 11. Satzung VfVmai Verein für Vereinsmaierei mit ai n.e.V. 11. 11. 2011 Inhaltsverzeichnis Präambel 1 A. Allgemeines 2 § 1. Name, Rechtsform, Sitz des Vereins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 § 2. Zweck des Vereins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 § 3. Vereinsämter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
§ 6. Erwerb der Mitgliedschaft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 § 6a. Ergänzung zu vorstehendem Paragraphen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 § 7. Ende der Mitgliedschaft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 § 8. Mitgliederversammlung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 § 8a. Ergänzung zur Mitgliederversammlung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
§ 9. In Kraft treten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Die Vereinslandschaft in Deutschland ist vielfältig. Doch leider mussten wir feststellen, dass es dabei oft am ernsthaften Umgang mit der Ernsthaftigkeit krankt. 1 § 1 Name, Rechtsform, Sitz des Vereins A. Allgemeines § 1 Name, Rechtsform, Sitz des Vereins (1) Der Verein führt den Namen »Verein für Vereinsmaierei mit ai n.e.V.« und ist in keinem Vereinsregister eingetragen. (2)
1 Der Verein ist ein nichtwirtschaftlicher, unnützer Verein. 2 Er hat keinen Sitz und muss daher stehen. (3) Geschäftsjahr ist vom 31. März bis zum 1. April. § 2 Zweck des Vereins (1)
1 Der Verein ist zwar sinnlos, aber nicht zwecklos. 2 Vielmehr soll er den ernsthaften Umgang mit der Ernsthaftigkeit auf eine gesunde Basis stellen. (2) Zu diesem Zweck kann der Verein a) in der Nase bohren, b) Nüsse knacken, c) am Daumen lutschen. (3) Der Verein ist selbstsüchtig und steht dazu. (4) Der Verein verfügt über keinerlei Mittel.
(1) Die Vereinsämter sind Ehrenämter. (2) 1
könnte er einen hauptamtlichen Geschäftsführer bestellen. 2 Ohne die notwendigen Mittel ist dies nicht möglich. 2 Figure 11.1.: Three pages from the front of the example club statutes of section 11.7 § 6 Erwerb der Mitgliedschaft
(1) Die Mitgliedschaft kann jeder zu einem angemessenen Preis von einem der in § 4 genannten Vereinsmaier erwerben. (2)
1 Zum Erwerb der Mitgliedschaft ist ein formloser Antrag erforderlich. 2 Dieser
Antrag ist in grüner Tinte auf rosa Papier einzureichen. (3) Die Mitgliedschaft kann nicht abgelehnt werden. § 6a Ergänzung zu vorstehendem Paragraphen 1 Mit Abschaffung von § 4 verliert § 6 paragraph 1 sentence 1 seine Umsetzbarkeit. 2 Mitgliedschaften können ersatzweise vererbt werden. § 7 Ende der Mitgliedschaft 1 Die Mitgliedschaft endet mit dem Leben. 2 Bei nicht lebenden Mitgliedern endet die Mitgliedschaft nicht.
(1) Zweimal jährlich findet eine Mitgliederversammlung statt. (2) Der Abstand zwischen zwei Mitgliederversammlungen beträgt höchstens 6 Monate, 1 Woche und 2 Tage. (3) Frühestens 6 Monate nach der letzten Mitgliederversammlung hat die Einladung zur nächsten Mitgliederversammlung zu erfolgen. 3
|