Nutq Reja: Nutq va tafakkurning o’zaro uzviyligi

400 COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY: A STUDENT’S HANDBOOK
Conversational turns
Factors determining who talks when were considered by Brennan (1990). One common way inwhich the conversation moves from one speakerto another is by means of an adjacency pair, inwhich what the first speaker says provides a stronginvitation to the listener to take up the conversation; a question followed by an answer is avery common example of an adjacency pair.If the first speaker completes what he or sheintended to say without producing the first part ofan adjacency pair, then the next turn goes to thelistener who speaks first. If none of the listenersspeaks, then the first speaker is free to continuewith another turn (known technically as a turn-constructional unit).
400, bilim psixologiyasi: A Talabalar Kitobi
Qachon gapiradi kim aniqlash omili Brenan tamonidan 1990 yil muhokama qilgan. Suhbat bir karnaydan harakat bo'lgan bir umumiy yo'li nima birinchi spiker deydi suhbatni qilishga tinglovchi uchun kuchli taklif beradi bo'lgan bir qo'shnilik juft, orqali hisoblanadi; javob ortidan bir savol qo'shnilik jufti juda keng tarqalgan misol. birinchi so'zlovchi u bir qo'shnilik juft birinchi qismini ishlab chiqarish holda aytish uchun mo'ljallangan nima tamamlanersa, keyin keyingi navbat birinchi gapiradi tinglovchi uchun ketadi. tinglovchilarning hech gapirsa, keyin birinchi spiker (a navbat-qurilish birligi sifatida texnik ma'lum) boshqa navbati bilan davom ettirish.
SPEECH PRODUCTION PROCESSES
We tend to take the skills involved in speech production for granted. Even young children are usually adept at talking fairly sensibly and grammatically. However, speech is actually a complex activity involving various skills. These include the ability to think of what one wants to say, to select the appropriate words to express it, to organise those words grammatically, and to turn the sentences one wants to say into actual speech.
Ma’ruza ishlab chiqarish jarayonlari
Biz nutq ishlab chiqishda shug'ullanuvchi ko'nikmalarini olishga moyilmiz. Hatto yosh bolalar oqilona va grammatik adolatli gaplashishda, odatda, usta. Biroq, nutq aslida turli ko'nikmalarni o'z ichiga olgan murakkab faoliyat hisoblanadi. Bu kimga, tegishli so'zlar uni izhor tanlash uchun grammatik o'sha so'zlarni tashkil qilishi, va bir haqiqiy so'z kirib demoqchi , aytish istagan narsani o'ylab qobiliyatini o'z ichiga oladi.¹