The requirements for vitamins and minerals in pregnancy are much higher than that for extra
energy; therefore, expectant mothers should pay attention to the quality of the food they eat
and balance their diet. Most women require additional nutrients only after the fourth month of
pregnancy, but the intake of certain micronutrients, such as folic acid, iodine and iron, is vital
before conception and during early pregnancy.
16
Table 1 lists the daily intakes of micronutrients for pregnant and lactating women from food
and food supplements recommended by WHO. The intake should be adjusted to national
circumstances if local studies indicate different amounts. In Latvia, however, no studies have
been conducted to determine the optimal requirements during pregnancy.
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