Book Sport cs3 (numeracja od 1 chapter). indd

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2 Factors in the Structure of Performance in Sport
Games
A rational model of coordination preparation essentially emerges from knowledge 
of the factors structuring performance in sport games. Sport performance forms 
a “complex system of factors, which are arranged in a certain way, there exist 
mutual relations among them and in their entirety they are manifested in the level of 
performanceˮ (Dovalil et al., 2002).
Zaciorskij (1979) underlines the great importance of the knowledge of factors of the 
structure of sport performance while pointing to the need to solve the following 
problems: 
Which factors underlie the performance in the given sport game.
1. 
What are the mutual relations among these factors.
2. 
What is the degree of importance of individual factors for the performance in the 
3. 
given sport game.
The knowledge of structure of sport performance in time, since in various age 
4. 
categories some factors are more important than others but after a time their 
importance can change. This means that the current level of preparedness and the 
state of the organism should be evaluated from the point of view of prospective 
requirements of the model structure of the sport performance. As a result of the 
structural requirements of the sport performance and the functional structure of 
the human organism there exist two integrated levels on which sport performance 
evolves. 
When solving the given groups of problems we shall depend on the current knowledge 
of authors who have been dealing with these problems (Choutka & Dovalil, 1991; 
Dovalil et al., 2002; Mangi, Jokl, & Dayton, 1987; Nabatnikovová, 1982; Jonath & 
Krempel, 1991; Letzelter, 1978; Schnabel & Thiess, 1993; Schnabel, Harre, & Borde, 
1994). All authors agree that sport performance is the result of a cooperation of many 
factors (Fig. 2.1).
In the structure of sport performance we can differentiate the following spheres:
– Genetic predispositions (physiological, psychological and somatic)
– Prerequisites of personality
– Motor predispositions (motor, conditioning potential)
– Coordination prerequisites and mastering the sport technique
– Sport tactics
– Social environment and conditions
Top sport, which is characterized by an effort to progressively increase sports 
performance, poses higher and higher claims on sports preparation, accruing from 
the necessity of permanent improvement of its contents. Sports performance, which 
© 2014 Jaromír Šimonek
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License.

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12
Factors in the Structure of Performance in Sport Games
is our main interest, is an “expression of materialized abilities of an athlete developed 
by the goal-oriented long-term sport training processˮ (Choutka & Dovalil, 1991, p.13). 
In order to understand the substance of game performance of a player we based our 
work on the following definition: “Human activity is the process controlled by the 
nerve system, in which we influence our living environment and stimulate changes in 
it which are focused on benefitting the individual, society or speciesˮ.
Emerging from this it is possible to create a complex model of the game activity of an 
individual player represented proportionally through eight components:
Power components, i.e., high level of functional preparedness of an organism to 
1. 
bear training and game load.
Motoric component, i.e., the corresponding level of development of motor abilities 
2. 
and acquired motor skills.
Intellectual component, i.e., adequate level of knowledge, ability to think 
3. 
creatively and problem solve.
Motivation component, i.e., high level of performance motivation, cognitive 
4. 
needs and tendencies towards creative activity.