Use of pedagogical tehnologies in physical

 
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5. With the age and fitness of young football players, the proportion of general physical training 
gradually decreases and the weight of special training increases. The growth of the total amount of 
training load is steadily increasing from year to year. 
6. It is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the construction of the school educational 
process in the planning of sports training. 
The sports training system is the organization of regular training sessions and competitions. Over many 
years of training, young football players must master techniques and tactics, gain experience and 
special knowledge, improve moral and strong-willed qualities. 
The training of highly qualified football players is largely determined by the rational selection of the 
most gifted boys in the motor relation.The main criteria for admission are: ability to play football, 
health status, diligence, discipline.The most favorable age for learning movements (formation and 
consolidation of dynamic stereotypes) is the period before puberty. Therefore, it is very important that 
it is at this age that young football players master the greatest possible amount of motor skills. The 
development of muscle strength at different ages proceeds unevenly. Up to 13 years of age, strength-
oriented exercises are performed mainly to promote the harmonious development of the body, the 
formation of a "muscular corset", i.e. muscles that normally develop poorly (abdominal muscles, 
oblique muscles of the trunk, muscles involved in the abduction of the upper extremities, adductor 
muscles of the lower extremities, as well as flexor muscle groups). At this age, exercises associated 
with maximum and prolonged muscle tension should not be included in classes (the maximum amount 
of weights should not exceed 1/3 – 1/2 of your own body weight). During puberty (13-15 years), there 
is a significant increase in strength. At the same time, the higher the biological age, the higher the 
power capabilities. By the age of 14-15, you can apply weights with a weight of 60-70% of the 
maximum, while avoiding breathing delays and straining, the maximum number of repetitions of the 
exercise. 
At the age of 15-16, exercises with weights should have a speed-force orientation, i.e. they should be 
characterized not so much by actual power manifestations (static mode, slow power stresses) as by a 
combination of strength and speed, with an emphasis on speed. The education of strength during this 
period as a whole should be subordinated to the improvement of speed-strength skills as a prerequisite 
for the directed development of strength abilities. 
Increased excitability and lability of nervous processes in childhood (up to 12 years), is a favorable 
prerequisite for the education of the speed of motor reaction and speed of movement. To do this, you 
need to use mobile, sports games, as well as a variety of exercises that require a quick reaction to pre-
determined signals, rapid local movements and short-term movements.At the age of 13-15, a 
significant place in the composition of the means of educating speed is occupied by speed-strength 
exercises such as jumping, throwing, multi-jumps, fast jumping and jumping, variable accelerations in 
running (with varying both speed characteristics of running and external conditions - uphill and 
downhill, on different ground, etc.). 
Maximum running speed increases between the ages of 14 and 17. At this age, sports games and 
repeated overcoming of short stretches occupy a large place (20, 30, 40, 50, 60 meters) with maximum 
speed. 
In the process of educating speed, it is necessary to combine speed exercises with muscle relaxation 
tasks, including in the process of performing speed exercises. 

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American Journal of Pedagogical and Educational Research 
Volume 9, Feb., 2023