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- Published in April 2014 by
- Definitions and information about the data ................................................................... 31
- List of available tables ..................................................................................................... 33
- Population of major ethnic groups
- Source
- People with more than one ethnic group
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Crown copyright © This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand licence. You are free to copy, distribute, and adapt the work, as long as you attribute the work to Statistics NZ and abide by the other licence terms. Please note you may not use any departmental or governmental emblem, logo, or coat of arms in any way that infringes any provision of the Flags, Emblems, and Names Protection Act 1981 . Use the wording 'Statistics New Zealand' in your attribution, not the Statistics NZ logo.
While all care and diligence has been used in processing, analysing, and extracting data and information in this publication, Statistics New Zealand gives no warranty it is error free and will not be liable for any loss or damage suffered by the use directly, or indirectly, of the information in this publication.
Statistics New Zealand (2014). 2013 Census QuickStats about culture and identity. Available from www.stats.govt.nz .
Published in April 2014 by Statistics New Zealand Tatauranga Aotearoa Wellington, New Zealand Contact Statistics New Zealand Information Centre: info@stats.govt.nz
Phone toll-free 0508 525 525 Phone international +64 4 931 4610 www.stats.govt.nz
Contents 1.
New Zealand's major ethnic groups continue to grow .................................................... 6 Middle Eastern/Latin American/African, and Asian ethnic groups on the rise ................ 6
Māori most likely to identify with more than one ethnic group ........................................ 7 Younger people identify with more ethnic groups than older people .............................. 7
European ethnic group older than other major ethnic groups ......................................... 8 3.
Higher proportion of Europeans in South Island regions ................................................ 9 Decrease in people with English or Australian ethnicity ................................................. 9
Māori ethnic group increasing in almost every region ................................................... 10 Māori are a youthful population ..................................................................................... 10
Many Māori children also identify with other major ethnic groups ................................ 11 5.
Asian ethnic groups grow most in Auckland region ...................................................... 12 Indian ethnic group growing faster than Chinese .......................................................... 12
Filipino population more than tripled since 2001 ........................................................... 13 Asian ethnic group getting older .................................................................................... 13
Big proportion of Asian ethnic group aged 20–34 years ............................................... 14 6.
Growth in Pacific peoples ethnic group slows ............................................................... 15 More children in Pacific peoples ethnic group than in any other .................................. 15
Samoan remains largest Pacific peoples ethnic group ................................................. 16 Almost two-thirds of Pacific peoples are born in New Zealand ..................................... 16
Most Pacific peoples live in North Island ....................................................................... 16 7.
Latin American ethnic group almost doubles ................................................................ 17 Most Middle Eastern/Latin American/African people live in the Auckland region ......... 17
High proportion of Middle Eastern/Latin American/African ethnic group aged 20–34 years .............................................................................................................................. 17
‘New Zealander’ makes up majority of ‘Other’ ethnic group ......................................... 18 Most people identifying as New Zealander stated it as their only ethnic group ............ 18
Number of overseas-born tops a million ........................................................................ 19
Asia overtakes United Kingdom and Ireland to become most common birthplace for overseas-born ................................................................................................................ 19
India replaces Australia as third most common country of birth ................................... 20 Scotland moved from second to tenth most common country of birth between 1961 and 2013 ........................................................................................................................ 21
Auckland region has highest proportion of overseas-born ............................................ 21 Overseas-born population is older than New Zealand-born population........................ 22
A quarter of te reo Māori speakers are children ............................................................ 23 Hindi replaces French as the fourth most common language....................................... 23
Big increases in Hindi and Northern Chinese ............................................................... 24 Fewer people able to use New Zealand Sign Language than at previous censuses ... 24
Number and proportion of multilingual people continues to increase ........................... 25 More than 87,000 people do not speak English ............................................................ 26
Fewer affiliate with Christian religions than in 2006 ...................................................... 27 Catholic religion overtakes Anglican religion to be largest Christian denomination ..... 28
Number affiliating with Sikh more than doubled since 2006 ......................................... 29 Large increase in Hindu and Islam/Muslim ................................................................... 29
People reporting no religion continues to increase ....................................................... 29 Definitions and information about the data ................................................................... 31
Definitions ...................................................................................................................... 31 Information about the data ............................................................................................. 32
4 1. 2013 Census QuickStats about culture and identity 2013 Census QuickStats about culture and identity gives you information about New Zealand's increasingly diverse population. Find out about: • ethnic groups in New Zealand • birthplace and people born overseas • languages spoken • religious affiliation. All 2013 data in this report is based on the census usually resident population count from New Zealand's 2013 Census of Population and Dwellings, held on 5 March 2013. The 2006 and 2001 data that has been included for comparison purposes is based on the census usually resident population counts from New Zealand's 2006 and 2001 Censuses.
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2. Ethnic groups in New Zealand New Zealand's major ethnic groups continue to grow The European ethnic group was still New Zealand's largest major ethnic group at the 2013 Census. Nearly three-quarters of the population (2,969,391 people or 74.0 percent) identified with one or more European ethnicities. This compared with 67.6 percent (2,609,589 people) in 2006. The increase seems to be partly due to fewer people identifying themselves as 'New Zealander' in 2013. Other major ethnic groups that increased in size included: • Māori – 14.9 percent of the population in 2013 (598,605 people), up from 14.6 percent in 2006 (565,329) • Asian – 11.8 percent of the population (471,708), up from 9.2 percent (354,552) • Pacific peoples – 7.4 percent of the population (295,941), up from 6.9 percent (265,974) • Middle Eastern/Latin American/African – 1.2 percent of the population (46,953), up from 0.9 percent (34,743). 0 0.5 1 1.5
2 2.5
3 Other ethnicity Middle Eastern/Latin American/African Asian Pacific peoples Māori European
Number (million) Ethnic group (1)
2006 and 2013 Censuses 2013 2006
(2) 1. People were able to identify with more than one ethnic group. 2. Consists of responses for a number of small ethnic groups and for New Zealander. New Zealander was included as a new category for the 2006 Census. Source: Statistics New Zealand
Middle Eastern/Latin American/African, and Asian ethnic groups on the rise The Middle Eastern/Latin American/African, and Asian ethnic groups increased by more than 30 percent over the seven years between the 2006 and the 2013 Censuses. Of the major ethnic groups, those with the largest percentage increases were:
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2013 Census QuickStats about culture and identity. • Middle Eastern/Latin American/African (up 35.1 percent) • Asian (up 33.0 percent) • European (up 13.8 percent) • Pacific peoples (up 11.3 percent) • Māori (up 5.9 percent). Māori most likely to identify with more than one ethnic group
More than half of Māori (53.5 percent or 320,406 people) identified with two or more ethnic groups, compared with 46.5 percent who identified with Māori only. Māori was the only major ethnic group in which people were more likely to identify with two or more major ethnic groups than just one. In other major ethnic groups, the proportions of people identifying with two or more major ethnic groups were: • European – 13.3 percent • Asian – 9.9 percent • Pacific peoples – 37.2 percent • Middle Eastern/Latin American/African – 16.8 percent. Māori who identify with other major ethnic groups 2001, 2006, and 2013 Censuses Ethnic group (1)
2001 Census 2006 Census 2013 Census Percent of Māori identifying with ethnic grouping European 40.5 42.2
48.9 Pacific peoples 6.0 7.0
8.2 Asian
1.4 1.5
1.7 Middle Eastern/Latin American/African (2)
0.2
0.2 0.3
Other ethnicity (3)
0.0
2.3 0.4
1. Includes all people who stated each ethnic group, whether as their only ethnic group or as one of several. Where a person reported more than one ethnic group, they have been counted in each applicable group. 2. Middle Eastern/Latin American/African was introduced as a new category for the 2006 Census. Previously, Middle Eastern/Latin American/African responses were allocated to the ‘other ethnicity’ category. 3. Consists of responses for a number of small ethnic groups and for New Zealander. New Zealander was included as a new category for the 2006 Census. In 2001 New Zealander was counted in the European category.
Younger people identify with more ethnic groups than older people Children (0–14 years) were more likely than people aged 65 years and over to belong to more than one ethnic group. This difference has increased since the 2006 Census. In 2013, the proportions of these two age groups identifying with more than one ethnic group were:
7 2013 Census QuickStats about culture and identity. • children – 22.8 percent (19.7 percent in 2006) • 65 years and over – 2.6 percent (3.5 percent in 2006). Overall, the proportion of the population identifying with more than one ethnic group increased across recent censuses. The proportions of people identifying with more than one ethnic group were: • 11.2 percent in 2013 • 10.4 percent in 2006 • 9.0 percent in 2001. 0 10 20 30 0–4
5–9 10–14
15–19 20–24
25–29 30–34
35–39 40–44
45–49 50–54
55–59 60–64
65–69 70–74
75–79 80–84
85+ Percent
People with more than one ethnic group By age group 2013 Census Source: Statistics New Zealand Age group (years)
European ethnic group older than other major ethnic groups People who identified with European ethnic groups were generally older than people belonging to other major ethnic groups. The median age (half are younger, and half are older than this age) for each major ethnic group in 2013 was: • European – 41.0 years (38.1 years in 2006) • Māori – 23.9 years (22.7 years in 2006) • Pacific peoples – 22.1 years (21.1 years in 2006) • Asian – 30.6 years (28.3 years in 2006) • Middle Eastern/ Latin American/African – 28.6 years (26.6 years in 2006). 8
3. European ethnic group Higher proportion of Europeans in South Island regions All South Island regions had a higher proportion of people who identified with one or more European ethnicities than any region in the North Island. The region in the South Island with the highest proportion of people who identified with one or more European ethnicities was the Tasman region (93.1 percent), and the lowest was the Canterbury region (86.9 percent). The region in the North Island with the highest proportion of people who identified with one or more European ethnicities was the Taranaki region (86.2 percent), and the lowest was the Auckland region (59.3 percent). Decrease in people with English or Australian ethnicity Compared with the previous census, fewer people living in New Zealand identified with either the English ethnic group or the Australian ethnic group. In 2013, 38,916 people identified with the English ethnic group – a decrease of 5,286 people (12.0 percent) from 2006. The median age of people with English ethnicity was 46.0 years, which was older than the median age of all people identifying with the European ethnic group (41.0 years). Only 10.9 percent of people identifying with the English ethnic group were born in New Zealand, with most (89.1 percent) born overseas. In 2013, 22,467 people identified as Australian – a decrease of 3,888 people (14.8 percent) from 2006. Most of these people (90.8 percent in 2013) were born overseas. However, between 2006 and 2013, some European ethnic groups experienced an increase in New Zealand, including: • British not further defined – up 8,832 people (32.5 percent) • Russian – up 1,143 people (23.6 percent) • German – up 1,893 people (17.3 percent) • American – up 1,533 people (14.2 percent) • Irish – up 1,542 people (12.2 percent).
9 4. Māori ethnic group Māori ethnic group increasing in almost every region The percentage of people who identified with the Māori ethnic group increased in almost all regions between 2006 and 2013. The two regions with the biggest increases were: • Gisborne – 48.9 percent of the population were Māori in 2013 (up from 47.3 percent in 2006) • Taranaki – 17.4 percent were Māori in 2013 (up from 15.8 percent in 2006). Only two regions did not have an increase in the percentage of Māori: • Auckland – 10.7 percent of the population were Māori in 2013 (down from 11.1 percent in 2006) • Bay of Plenty – 27.5 percent were Māori in 2013 (the same as in 2006). Gisborne and Northland regions had the highest proportion of Māori. Almost half of the people (48.9 percent) in the Gisborne region and a third (32.4 percent) in the Northland region identified with the Māori ethnic group. Of all regions, Gisborne had the highest median age for Māori at 26.3 years. Māori in the Northland and Marlborough regions were also slightly older, having a median age of 25.8 years, compared with a median age of 23.9 years for all Māori living in New Zealand. In contrast, Māori living in the Otago region were slightly younger, with a median age of 21.9 years.
Of all regions, Canterbury had the highest percentage of Māori who were male (50.9 percent or 21,324 people). Canterbury was the only region where there were more Māori males than Māori females. Māori are a youthful population A high proportion of Māori (43.6 percent or 260,940 people) were aged under 20 in 2013, compared with the 27.4 percent of the total population in this age group. However, the median age of Māori (23.9 years) increased since 2006, when it was 22.7 years. Children (0–14 years) made up 33.8 percent of Māori in 2013. Of all regions, Tasman had the highest proportion of Māori who were children, at 36.2 percent. Almost a quarter of Māori children (23.7 percent or 48,033 people) lived in the Auckland region, 14.2 percent (28,659) in the Waikato region, and 11.5 percent (23,247) in the Bay of Plenty region.
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2013 Census QuickStats about culture and identity.
20 10 0 10 20 0–4
5–9 10–14
15–19 20–24
25–29 30–34
35–39 40–44
45–49 50–54
55–59 60–64
65–69 70–74
75–79 80–84
85+ Mäori ethnic group By age and sex 2013 Census Source: Statistics New Zealand Age (years) Male
Female Percent
Many Māori children also identify with other major ethnic groups Māori children (aged 0–14 years) were more likely than Māori adults to also identify with the Pacific peoples, Asian, or Middle Eastern/Latin American/African major ethnic groups. Of Māori who identified with one or more of these groups: • 58.8 percent (28,884) who identified with Pacific peoples were children • 58.7 percent (945) who identified with Middle Eastern/Latin American/African were children • 51.9 percent (5,322) who identified with at least one of the Asian ethnic groups were children • 39.9 percent (116,820) who identified with European were children. The proportion of Māori who also identified as European has continued to increase. In 2013, almost half (48.9 percent or 292,938 people) of Māori also identified with at least one of the European ethnicities, compared with 42.2 percent in 2006, and 40.5 percent in 2001.
See more information about the Māori ethnic group
11 5. Asian ethnic group Asian ethnic groups grow most in Auckland region While there was an increase in the proportion of Asians living in every region, the biggest growth occurred in the Auckland region. In 2013, almost 1 in 4 people (23.1 percent or 307,233 people) living in the Auckland region identified with one or more Asian ethnic groups, compared with 1 in 5 people (18.9 percent) in 2006. Other regions that also experienced an increase in the proportion of people identifying with one or more Asian ethnic groups in 2013 included: • Wellington – 10.5 percent (8.4 percent in 2006) • Waikato – 6.9 percent (5.0 percent in 2006) • Bay of Plenty – 5.2 percent (3.2 percent in 2006). The Auckland local board areas with the largest Asian populations were: • Howick – 47,511 people (38.8 percent of people living in Howick) • Whau – 24,078 people (35.4 percent) • Albert-Eden – 25,278 people (28.2 percent). Almost two-thirds (65.1 percent) of people who identified with at least one Asian ethnic group lived in the Auckland region in 2013. Indian ethnic group growing faster than Chinese The number of people identifying with the Indian ethnic group increased 48.4 percent between 2006 and 2013, compared with an increase of 16.2 percent for the Chinese ethnic group. Chinese remained the largest Asian ethnic group in 2013, with 171,411 people (36.3 percent of the Asian ethnic group, down from 41.6 percent in 2006). Indian was the second-largest Asian ethnic group in 2013, with 155,178 people (32.9 percent of the Asian ethnic group, up from 29.5 percent in 2006). The Indian ethnic group also grew faster than the Chinese ethnic group between the 2001 and 2006 Censuses: • Indian – up 68.2 percent • Chinese – up 40.5 percent.
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