Q.X.Muftaydinov, H.M.Qodirov, E.Yu.Yulchiyеv Ekologiya.
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Module - 1. General Ecology
Introduction
Chapter 1. The subject, goals and objectives of ecology.
§ -I.1. The subject and tasks of ecology.
§-I.2. History of the development of ecology. The relevance of the study of subject
discipline. Sections and spheres of ecology.
§-I.3. The relationship of ecology with other subject disciplines.
§-I.4. Ecological problems in Uzbekistan.
§-I.5. The relationship between human activity and the environment.
Chapter 2. Environmental factors and patterns.
§-II.1. Environmental factors and their types.
§-II.2. External factors and their effect on organisms.
§-II.3. Environmental laws and patterns.
§-II.4. The relationship of ecology and economics.
Chapter 3. The doctrine of the biosphere.
§-III.1. The concept of the biosphere.
§-III.1.1. The structure and functions of the biosphere.
§-III.2. The doctrine of V.I. Vernadsky about the biosphere.
§-III.3. Circulation of matter in the biosphere.
§-III.3.1. Large geological and small biological cycles of substances in nature.
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