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“definite article” does not change .
Adjectives:
 total/average/same/greatest/largest/maximum/minimum
For example
The total
number of students fluctuated marginally.
The average
amount of sugar consumption increased slightly in the
UK.
The figure reached 
the maximum
amount of annual production, with
44%.
Although an adjective defines “number/amount,” the definite
article “the” has remained unchanged in all these examples.
Percent, percentage, proportion, and rate
“The percentage ” shows how a quantity is measured on a scale from 1 to
100 as in “a high/low percentage.” However, “percent ” refers to a specific
amount on this scale as in “35%.” Similarly, “the proportion ” gauges a
quantity in a general way that is not necessarily on a 1-100 scale as in “a
large/small proportion.” On the other hand, “the rate ” calculates the
frequency as in “the crime rate.” In other words, percentage , proportion ,
and rate all describe quantities as part of a total.
For example

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The percentage of families with two children has risen since 1970.
(general information)
There was a fluctuation in the percentage of students’ weekly
attendance in August. (general information)
38% of young adults prefer to be self-employed. (specific
information)
23% of single parents did not have a job. (specific information)
The highest proportion of the population received extended health
benefits in 2010. (general information)
The proportion of expenditure on housing had a minimal decline in
2005. (general information)
Unemployment rates peaked at 32 million in Scotland in 1990.
(specific information)
The rate of crime was reduced over the period. (general
information)