The easy way to ielts writing academic Module

3) First and second body paragraphs
Both body paragraphs mainly focus on the steps involved in the process,
and it is essential to logically organize the existing steps into two
paragraphs for better coherence. Therefore, each body paragraph should
portray a clear image of a few closely related steps using passive voice ,
sequencing words , and “non-defining relative clauses ” accurately. These
clauses are grammatical tools to help candidates extend sentences to meet
the word limit as it might sometimes be challenging to reach 150 words in
this type of writing, unlike charts and graphs, which are likely to exceed the
number of required words. “Non-defining relative clauses” are also
valuable complex structures in academic writing and account for a high
band score regarding grammar. They also provide better cohesion. In
comparison to charts and graphs, all the steps in a diagram or flowchart
should be described, while personal opinion, judgment, and analysis are all
avoided.
Requirements for diagrams and flowcharts
1) Passive voice
As mentioned earlier, using passive voice is a critical feature in this type of
writing. The main reason for this is that in describing diagrams, the
“subject” is not focused; instead, “the product” is highlighted.
Consequently, there is little usage of “active voice” in writing diagrams in
general.
As a quick review, the passive voice is formed by removing the “subject”
from the active voice, adding a “to be” verb, and changing the sentence’s

---

main verb to the past participle form. Revising the most common “verbs”
and their “past participle” forms could be an asset in describing diagrams.
For example
They
make
cars in factories. (
active voice
; there is a subject, “they,”
who do something.)
Cars
are
made
in factories. (
passive voice
, there
is no subject; the object or the agent, “cars” has replaced it; the
sentence shows that something is done rather than who does it; “to
be” verb, “are” and the past participle, “made” are put in the
sentence to form the passive structure.)
Workers
manufacture
wooden frames in a few steps. (active voice) 
Wooden frames
are
manufactured
in a few steps. (passive voice)
They
collect
paper from recycling sites. (active voice) 
Paper
is
collected
from recycling sites. (passive voice)
They
are processing
the raw material using special machinery.
(active voice) 
The raw material
is being
processed
using special machinery.
(passive voice)