A is wrong because while the ‘planet’ is mentioned,
there is no reference to ‘dry land’.
B is wrong because although jellyfish seem to do well in
acidic water, they don’t ‘improve’ their environment.
D is wrong as there is no reference to jellyfish harming
other species, just doing better than some in difficult
conditions.
36 B The writer outlines the lifecycle of the scyphozoa in
this paragraph. The lifecycle is ‘biologically complex’
because the jellyfish goes through three quite different
stages of life. The scyphozoa ‘illustrates’ something
common to all jellyfish because they all go through
similar life stages. This complexity is emphasised in the
final sentence – ‘sophisticated and unusual’.
A is wrong as the paragraph is talking about ‘complexity’,
not ‘size’.
C is wrong because complexity does not imply that
jellyfish are threatened.
D is wrong because scientists do now understand the
three life stages of the scyphozoa.
Questions 37–40 37 C 1
st
paragraph. We are told that during the 20
th
century,
massive nets and mechanical winches often damaged
jellyfish specimens. But now in Norway and the
Arctic scientists have ‘discovered that sound bounces
harmlessly off jellyfish’ and for this reason scientists ‘are
using sonar to monitor jellyfish’.
38 E 2
nd
paragraph. ‘numerous additional species of jellyfish
unknown to science only a few years ago’ = there are
more types of jellyfish than previously realised
39 A 4
th
paragraph. ‘they shut down their bodies and rest in
much the same way that humans do at night’ = it was
wrong to assume that jellyfish do not sleep
40 D 6
th
paragraph. ‘certain jellyfish are able to revert to an
earlier physical state, leading to the assertion that they
are immortal’ = it has been claimed that one particular
type of jellyfish may be able to live forever
