CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHM FEATURES IN THE
SCIENCE OF INFORMATION SECURITY
Kanan ASGARLI
Qafqaz University
kesgerli@std.qu.edu.az
AZƏRBAYCAN
This paper covers answers to questions like “What is a cryptographic algorithm?”,“What are advantages/disadvantages
of encryption/decryption algorithms respect to each other?”, “How cryptographic algorithm should be?”
An Algorithm is step-by-step procedure or solution for solving particular, specific problems or tasks. Algorithm as a
term is used in every field of sciences. Specifically, Algorithm has a powerful meaning and a great place in Computer
Science.
Cryptography is the study and practice of protecting, keeping secure of data, especially private and personal ones.
Actually we cannot describe this term in one sentence. It is also used for some other purposes such as User Authentication.
But this definition is enough for our topic's target.
Therefore, cryptographic algorithm is an algorithm which solves tasks about protecting data from hacking or to be
stolen. It uses a secret key which is called private or cryptographic key for encryption and decryption of data. So, the
algorithm takes a plain-text which means original, actual text as an input and produces an unreadable or meaningless text
that is called cipher-text as output in encryption, or vice versa during decryption. In the process of this algorithm the main
variable is cryptographic key which we mentioned above. Its role is also as an input in the cryptographic algorithm and is
very necessary and useful for encryption/decryption. The key can consist of upper-case and lower-case letters, digits, and
other symbols, briefly, ASCII characters only. Without key, the result of the output would be useless. Now, it is time to
analyze, make comparisons, and evaluate some algorithms of cryptography. There are too many Cryptographic algorithms
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