Addressing the Mixed-Level Class
1
TESOL Connections: August 2019
Strategies for Mixed-Level Classes: Participation and Grouping
by
Lena Barrantes
When the school year starts, you might find yourself faced with a single class full of students
with varied language proficiency levels. Instructors in both ESL and EFL are often faced with
this situation, and they may experience the overwhelming feeling of witnessing beginner
students (with very little ability to communicate) mix with advanced students (who are able to
handle almost any communicative situation)—and students at any point on the continuum
between those extremes.
In the mixed-level classroom (MLC), instructors are challenged to develop strategic techniques
to provide all students with equal opportunities for learning. Be prepared for such a complex
scenario in the new school year with the following strategies.
The Learners, The Context: Defining the Mixed-Level Class
Even when the MLC is said to be universal, finding one uniform definition can pose a challenge.
Multiple interpretations of the phenomenon have put emphasis on different aspects of students
and learning within a classroom, for example, styles, skills, and proficiency levels. In this article,
I address the aspect of learner language proficiency level.
Many efforts to ease the difficulties resulting from the MLC are directed toward task
differentiation (Lindstromberg, 2004; Rose, 1997), material adaptation (Budden, 2008), open-
ended tasks (Barrantes, 2013), and affective recommendations (Al-Shammakhi & Al-Humaidi,
2015). Added to these, assertive grouping techniques can also be a strategy to support learners’
emotional struggles, which can be caused by anxiety arising from sharing the language
classroom with classmates with different proficiency levels. In this article, I provide concrete
examples to ease the MLC through mindful planning of student grouping and participation.
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