Plan I. Introduction 3 II. Main part 6

Publication of Ulysses[]
Joyce finished writing Ulysses near the end of 1921, but had difficulties getting it published. With financial backing from the lawyer John Quinn,^[267][af] Margaret Anderson and her co-or Jane Heap had begun serially publishing it in The Little Review in March 1918.^[268] But in January and May 1919, two instalments were suppressed as obscene and potentially subversive.^[269] In September 1920, an unsolicited instalment of the "Nausicaa" episode was sent to the daughter of a New York attorney associated with the New York Society for the Suppression of Vice, leading to an official complaint.^[267] The trial proceedings continued until February 1921, when both Anderson and Healy, defended by Quinn, were fined $50 each for publishing obscenity^[270] and ordered to cease publishing Ulysses.^[271] Huebsch, who had expressed interested in publishing the novel in the United States, decided against it after the trial.^[272] Weaver was unable to find an English printer,^[273] and the novel was banned for obscenity in the United Kingdom in 1922, where it was blacklisted until 1936.^[274]
Almost immediately after Anderson and Healy were ordered to stop printing Ulysses, Beach agreed to publish it through her bookshop.^[275] She had books mailed to people in Paris and the United States who had subscribed to get a copy; Weaver mailed books from Beach's plates to subscribers in England.^[276] Soon, the postal officials of both countries began confiscating the books.^[277] They were then smuggled into both countries.^[278][ag] Because the work had no copyright in the United States at this time, "bootleg" versions appeared, including pirate versions from publisher Samuel Roth, who only ceased his actions in 1928 when a court enjoined publication.^[280] Ulysses was not legally published in the United States until 1934 after Judge John M. Woolsey ruled in United States v. One Book Called Ulysses that the book was not obscene.^[281]